This article is about the term in cell biology. For the term in crystallography, see Polysome (crystallography).
Several ribosomes synthesizing a polypeptide on the same mRNA strand
A polyribosome (or polysome or ergosome) is a group of ribosomes bound to an mRNA molecule like “beads” on a “thread”.[1] It consists of a complex of an mRNA molecule and two or more ribosomes that act to translate mRNA instructions into polypeptides. Originally coined "ergosomes" in 1963, they were further characterized by Jonathan Warner, Paul M. Knopf,[2] and Alex Rich.
Polysomes are formed during the elongation phase when ribosomes and elongation factors synthesize the encoded polypeptide. Multiple ribosomes move along the coding region of mRNA, creating a polysome. The ability of multiple ribosomes to function on an mRNA molecule explains the limited abundance of mRNA in the cell.[3] Polyribosome structure differs between prokaryotic polysomes, eukaryotic polysomes, and membrane bound polysomes.[1] Polysome activity can be used to measure the level of gene expression through a technique called polysomal profiling.[4]
^ abAfonina ZA, Shirokov VA (January 2018). "Three-Dimensional Organization of Polyribosomes- A Modern Approach". Biochemistry. Biokhimiia. 83 (Suppl 1): S48–S55. doi:10.1134/S0006297918140055. PMID 29544430. S2CID 3745602.
^Cambra K (Spring 2017). "Paul M. Knopf, PhD". Brown Medicine. Brown University. Retrieved 24 July 2017.
^King HA, Gerber AP (January 2016). "Translatome profiling: methods for genome-scale analysis of mRNA translation". Briefings in Functional Genomics. 15 (1): 22–31. doi:10.1093/bfgp/elu045. PMID 25380596.
^Li S, Le B, Ma X, Li S, You C, Yu Y, et al. (December 2016). Qi J (ed.). "Biogenesis of phased siRNAs on membrane-bound polysomes in Arabidopsis". eLife. 5: e22750. doi:10.7554/eLife.22750. PMC 5207768. PMID 27938667.
A polyribosome (or polysome or ergosome) is a group of ribosomes bound to an mRNA molecule like “beads” on a “thread”. It consists of a complex of an mRNA...
Polysome profiling is a technique in molecular biology that is used to study the association of mRNAs with ribosomes. It is important to note that this...
Polysome profiling is a technique used to characterize the degree of translation of one or more mRNAs. A highly translated mRNA exists as a polysome,...
than one ribosome may move along a single mRNA chain at one time (as a polysome), each "reading" a specific sequence and producing a corresponding protein...
July 2018. Ghosh, S; Bose, M; Ray, A; Bhattacharyya, SN (15 March 2015). "Polysome arrest restricts miRNA turnover by preventing exosomal export of miRNA...
up to 50 additional ribosomes can bind to the mRNA molecule forming a polysome, this enables simultaneous synthesis of multiple identical polypeptide...
transcripts active in transcription (although a more dated method, called polysome fractionation, is still popular in some labs) Protein levels can be analysed...
reticulum. I. Signal recognition protein (SRP) binds to in-vitro-assembled polysomes synthesizing secretory protein". The Journal of Cell Biology. 91 (2 Pt...
and later for his many other researches such as the discovery of "ringed polysome figures" and on theories on gene expression changes with evolution and...
can be translated simultaneously by multiple ribosomes. This is called a polysome. In prokaryotes, much work has been done to further identify the importance...
flipping of the curved tetrahedra layers, and subsequently their polarity. Polysomes of antigorite are defined by the number of individual tetrahedra (denoted...
translation as FANCI and FANCD2 were the only FA proteins associated with polysomes. Other inherited bone marrow failure syndromes also have defects in ribosome...
nucleotides apart. The complex of one mRNA and a number of ribosomes is called a polysome or polyribosome. When bacterial cells run out of nutrients, they enter...
(1968). "Control of haemoglobin synthesis: a difference in the size of the polysomes making alpha and beta chains". Nature. 220 (5166): 481–483. Bibcode:1968Natur...
contains several references to biology, particularly genetics, including polysomes, the Pribnow box, the central dogma of molecular biology and the sigma...
and Crick solved the structure of collagen. In 1963, Rich discovered polysomes: clusters of ribosomes which read one strand of mRNA simultaneously. From...
Mary Susan Wilson (1969). Incorporation of radioactive precursors into polysomes and RNA of mammalian brain during short term behavioral experiences (Ph...
given sequence present in a sample. This technique is also different from polysome profiling. Ribosome profiling is based on the discovery that the mRNA within...
RNA (for proteins or other RNAs) and by the rates of RNA run-off from polysomes. The latter is further supported by recent single molecule imaging studies...
Vázquez D (October 1977). "Enzymic and nonenzymic translocation by yeast polysomes. Site of action of a number of inhibitors". Biochemistry. 16 (21): 4727–30...
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