Representatvie chemical structure of one of many plant-derived polyphenols that comprise tannic acid. Such compound are formed by esterification of phenylpropanoid-derived gallic acid to a monosaccharide (glucose) core.
Polyphenols (/ˌpɒliˈfiːnoʊl,-nɒl/) are a large family of naturally occurring phenols.[1] They are abundant in plants and structurally diverse.[1][2][3] Polyphenols include flavonoids, tannic acid, and ellagitannin, some of which have been used historically as dyes and for tanning garments.
Curcumin, a bright yellow component of turmeric (Curcuma longa), is a well-studied polyphenol.
^ abQuideau S, Deffieux D, Douat-Casassus C, Pouységu L (January 2011). "Plant polyphenols: chemical properties, biological activities, and synthesis". Angewandte Chemie. 50 (3): 586–621. doi:10.1002/anie.201000044. PMID 21226137.
^"Flavonoids". Micronutrient Information Center, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University. 1 February 2016. Retrieved 28 October 2020.
^Nonaka G (1989). "Isolation and structure elucidation of tannins" (PDF). Pure Appl. Chem. 61 (3): 357–360. doi:10.1351/pac198961030357. S2CID 84226096.
Polyphenols (/ˌpɒliˈfiːnoʊl, -nɒl/) are a large family of naturally occurring phenols. They are abundant in plants and structurally diverse. Polyphenols...
Polyphenol oxidase (PPO; also polyphenol oxidase i, chloroplastic), an enzyme involved in fruit browning, is a tetramer that contains four atoms of copper...
and gradually add more hot water during consumption.[citation needed] Polyphenols found in green tea include epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), epicatechin...
phenols and polyphenols, natural plant compounds which are found in tea. These chemical compounds affect the flavor and mouthfeel of tea. Polyphenols in tea...
and value of such foods. Generally, it is a chemical reaction involving polyphenol oxidase (PPO), catechol oxidase, and other enzymes that create melanins...
A polyphenol antioxidant is a hypothetized type of antioxidant, in which each instance would contain a polyphenolic substructure; such instances which...
content in wine refers to the phenolic compounds—natural phenol and polyphenols—in wine, which include a large group of several hundred chemical compounds...
is a type of catechin. EGCG – the most abundant catechin in tea – is a polyphenol under basic research for its potential to affect human health and disease...
variants may also affect polyphenol composition, particularly for ellagitannins, sanguiin H-6, anthocyanins and quercetin. Polyphenol extracts from cloudberries...
phenol, C 6H 5OH. Phenolic compounds are classified as simple phenols or polyphenols based on the number of phenol units in the molecule. Phenols are both...
4′-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) is a stilbenoid, a type of natural phenol or polyphenol and a phytoalexin produced by several plants in response to injury or...
pigmentation that arises from dense contents of polyphenols, especially anthocyanins. Total polyphenol content is 1752 mg per 100 g dry weight, anthocyanin...
dimeric ellagitannin agrimoniin which is an isomer of sanguiin H-6. Other polyphenols present include flavonoids, such as anthocyanins, flavanols, flavonols...
hydroxylated and polymerized in order to give the high molecular weight polyphenol motif that characterizes tannins. Typically, tannin molecules require...
contains lycopene (table). Guava leaves contain both carotenoids and polyphenols, such as (+)-gallocatechin and leucocyanidin. As some of these phytochemicals...
cryptoxanthin. Most food compounds listed as antioxidants – such as polyphenols common in colorful, edible plants – have antioxidant activity only in...
ellagitannins are a diverse class of hydrolyzable tannins, a type of polyphenol formed primarily from the oxidative linkage of galloyl groups in 1,2,3...
Quercetin is a plant flavonol from the flavonoid group of polyphenols. It is found in many fruits, vegetables, leaves, seeds, and grains; capers, red...
phytochemicals, particularly polyphenols which are under preliminary research for their potential health effects. The enzyme polyphenol oxidase causes browning...
bioflavonoid have also been more loosely used to describe non-ketone polyhydroxy polyphenol compounds, which are more specifically termed flavanoids. The three cycles...
the presence of polyphenols. These are the most abundant compounds in tea leaves, making up 30–40% of their composition. Polyphenols in tea include flavonoids...
moderate amounts of polyphenols, including flavan-3-ol monomers and dimers as major compounds representing about 87% of total polyphenols, which declined...
Ellagic acid is a polyphenol found in numerous fruits and vegetables. It is the dilactone of hexahydroxydiphenic acid. The name comes from the French term...
lets the fruit mature by deterring eating. Tannins, being a kind of polyphenol, bind salivary proteins and make them precipitate and aggregate, producing...
heart failure. Polyphenols of several classes are widespread in plants, including anthocyanins, phytoestrogens, and tannins. Polyphenols are secondary...
research can be classified into major categories, such as carotenoids and polyphenols, which include phenolic acids, flavonoids, stilbenes or lignans. Flavonoids...
diverse, with most in four biochemical classes: alkaloids, glycosides, polyphenols, and terpenes. Few of these are scientifically confirmed as medicines...
call for sour cream, tomatoes, basil, or peas. Due to the presence of polyphenol oxidase in the cells of avocado, exposure to oxygen in the air causes...
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