Chemical compounds in which hydroxyl group is attached directly to an aromatic ring
This article is about the class of chemicals containing a phenol group. For the molecule alone, see Phenol.
In organic chemistry, phenols, sometimes called phenolics, are a class of chemical compounds consisting of one or more hydroxyl groups (−OH) bonded directly to an aromatic hydrocarbon group.[1] The simplest is phenol, C 6H 5OH. Phenolic compounds are classified as simple phenols or polyphenols based on the number of phenol units in the molecule.
Phenol – the simplest of the phenolsChemical structure of salicylic acid, the active metabolite of aspirin
Phenols are both synthesized industrially and produced by plants and microorganisms.[2]
^IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book") (1997). Online corrected version: (2006–) "phenols". doi:10.1351/goldbook.P04539
^Hättenschwiler, Stephan; Vitousek, Peter M. (2000). "The role of polyphenols in terrestrial ecosystem nutrient cycling". Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 15 (6): 238–243. doi:10.1016/S0169-5347(00)01861-9. PMID 10802549.
by plants and microorganisms. Phenols are more acidic than typical alcohols. The acidity of the hydroxyl group in phenols is commonly intermediate between...
and hydroperoxides alkylate phenols in the presence of solid acid catalysts (e.g. certain zeolite). Cresols and cumyl phenols can be produced in that way...
solid and aromatic compound Phenols, a class of chemical compounds that include phenolPhenolic content in wine Phenolic paper, a type of cardboard used...
acid-catalyzed hydrolysis. Phenol ethers can be synthesized through an acid-catalyzed condensation of phenols and an alcohol. Phenols include phenol itself, benzenediols...
The Phenol coefficient, is now largely of historical interest, although the principles upon which it is based are still used. It is a measure of the bactericidal...
content in dried fruits can be high. Natural phenols in horse grams (Macrotyloma uniflorum) are mostly phenolic acids, namely 3,4-dihydroxy benzoic, p-hydroxy...
Phenolic aldehydes are derivatives of phenol. Phenolic aldehydes can be found in wines and cognacs. Examples : Hydroxybenzaldehydes Protocatechuic aldehyde...
which then react with the formaldehyde. Being thermosets, hydroxymethyl phenols will crosslink on heating to around 120 °C to form methylene and methyl...
phenolic acids together with lower amounts of catechins and stilbenes. Red wines will also have the phenols found in white wines. Wine simple phenols...
the process of extracting and isolating phenols from raw materials such as coal tar. These purified phenols are used in many industrial and medical compounds...
biochemistry, naturally occurring phenols are natural products containing at least one phenol functional group. Phenolic compounds are produced by plants...
Polyphenols (/ˌpɒliˈfiːnoʊl, -nɒl/) are a large family of naturally occurring phenols. They are abundant in plants and structurally diverse. Polyphenols include...
widely-occurring phenols (sometimes called phenolics) which may be either natural or manufactured. They are also categorized as methyl phenols. Cresols commonly...
Phenolic paper is a material often used to make printed circuit board substrates (the flat board to which the components and traces are attached). It is...
Oxidative coupling of phenols is a chemical reaction wherein two phenolic compounds are coupled via an oxidative process. Oxidative phenol couplings are often...
The phenolic content in tea refers to the phenols and polyphenols, natural plant compounds which are found in tea. These chemical compounds affect the...
Phenolic lipids are a class of natural products composed of long aliphatic chains and phenolic rings. Phenolic lipids occur in plants, fungi and bacteria...
products of phenol and formaldehyde" on December 7, 1909. Producing hard, compact, insoluble, and infusible condensation products of phenols and formaldehyde...
example, phenols, which are important pollutants, can be removed by enzyme-catalyzed polymerization using horseradish peroxidase. Thus phenols are oxidized...
phenol and acetic acid. It can be produced by reacting phenol with acetic anhydride or acetyl chloride. Phenyl acetate can be separated into phenol and...
Polychloro phenoxy phenols (polychlorinated phenoxy phenols, PCPPs) are a group of organic polyhalogenated compounds. Among them include triclosan and...
phenoxides) are anions, salts, and esters of phenols, containing the phenolate ion. They may be formed by reaction of phenols with strong base. Alkali metal phenolates...
Phenol red (also known as phenolsulfonphthalein or PSP) is a pH indicator frequently used in cell biology laboratories. Phenol red exists as a red crystal...
meaning "bitter", due to its bitter taste. It is one of the most acidic phenols. Like other strongly nitrated organic compounds, picric acid is an explosive...
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