Dormant, persistent state of a bacterial population
Persister cells are subpopulations of cells that resist treatment, and become antimicrobial tolerant by changing to a state of dormancy or quiescence.[1][2] Persister cells in their dormancy do not divide.[3] The tolerance shown in persister cells differs from antimicrobial resistance in that the tolerance is not inherited and is reversible.[4] When treatment has stopped the state of dormancy can be reversed and the cells can reactivate and multiply. Most persister cells are bacterial, and there are also fungal persister cells,[5] yeast persister cells, and cancer persister cells that show tolerance for cancer drugs.[6]
^Van den Bergh, B; Fauvart, M; Michiels, J (1 May 2017). "Formation, physiology, ecology, evolution and clinical importance of bacterial persisters". FEMS Microbiology Reviews. 41 (3): 219–251. doi:10.1093/femsre/fux001. PMID 28333307.
^Lewis K (2007). "Persister cells, dormancy and infectious disease". Nature Reviews Microbiology. 5 (1): 48–56. doi:10.1038/nrmicro1557. PMID 17143318. S2CID 6670040.
^Brauner, A (2017). "Distinguishing between resistance, tolerance and persistence to antibiotic treatment". Nature Reviews Microbiology. 14 (5): 320–30. doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2016.34. PMID 27080241. S2CID 8308100.
^Jayaraman, R (December 2008). "Bacterial persistence: some new insights into an old phenomenon". Journal of Biosciences. 33 (5): 795–805. doi:10.1007/s12038-008-0099-3. PMID 19179767. S2CID 31912576.
^Wuyts, J; Van Dijck, P; Holtappels, M (October 2018). "Fungal persister cells: The basis for recalcitrant infections?". PLOS Pathogens. 14 (10): e1007301. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1007301. PMC 6193731. PMID 30335865.
^Vallette, FM (April 2019). "Dormant, quiescent, tolerant and persister cells: Four synonyms for the same target in cancer" (PDF). Biochemical Pharmacology. 162: 169–176. doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2018.11.004. PMID 30414937. S2CID 53285399.
Persistercells are subpopulations of cells that resist treatment, and become antimicrobial tolerant by changing to a state of dormancy or quiescence...
antibiotic resistant, and may remain in the host as persistercells. Following eradication the persistercells can cause a recurrence of the infection. Transformation...
burgdorferi, the Causative Agent of Lyme Disease, Forms Drug-Tolerant PersisterCells". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 59 (8): 4616–4624. doi:10...
toxin-antitoxin system has, for example, been linked to DNA damage-dependent persistercell induction. In Escherichia coli, different classes of DNA-damaging agents...
vegetative cell is degraded. Endospores are resistant to most agents that would normally kill the vegetative cells they formed from. Unlike persistercells, endospores...
resistance to antibiotics in both stationary-phase cells and biofilms may be due to the presence of persistercells. Biofilms are ubiquitous in organic life. Nearly...
drift Inbreeding depression Mitochondrial Eve Neolithic founder crops Persistercells Popular sire effect Small population size Provine, W. B. (2004). "Ernst...
cells. There are unusual mechanisms in P. aeruginosa, in which there can be biofilm-mediated resistance and formation of multidrug-tolerant persister...
on the cell surface to the T cells of the immune system. They act as messengers between the innate and adaptive immune systems. Dendritic cells are present...
Neural stem cells (NSCs) are self-renewing, multipotent cells that firstly generate the radial glial progenitor cells that generate the neurons and glia...
of neurons were the peptidergic secretory cells. They eventually gained new gene modules which enabled cells to create post-synaptic scaffolds and ion...
Adult stem cells are undifferentiated cells, found throughout the body after development, that multiply by cell division to replenish dying cells and regenerate...
ability of salinomycin to kill both cancer stem cells and therapy-resistant cancer cells (persister) may define the compound as a novel and an effective...
biofilm matrix favor the formation of persistercells, which are highly antibiotic-resistant, dormant bacterial cells. S. aureus biofilms also have high...
has been shown that the two cells develop from different hematopoietic lineages and thus cannot be the same cells. Mast cells are very similar to basophil...
T cells expressing a specific T cell receptor can persist for decades in our body. Since memory T cells have shorter half-lives than naïve T cells do...
response. In a T-cell dependent development pathway, naïve follicular B cells are activated by antigen-presenting follicular B helper T cells (TFH) during...
persists for at least 7 days in the fertilizing sperm cells, and disruption of maternal DNA double-strand break repair pathways increases sperm cell-derived...
on a dendritic cell-like phenotype and migrate to lymph nodes to interact with naive T-cells.[medical citation needed] Langerhans cells derive from primitive...
distance, and direction. Grid cells have been found in many animals, including rats, mice, bats, monkeys, and humans. Grid cells were discovered in 2005 by...
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