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Malayapura ملاياڤورا
Pagaruyung Dārul Qarār ڤݢرويڠ دار القرار
1347–1833
Marawa Minangkabau
Royal seal of Sultan Tangkal Alam[1]
Capital
Pagaruyung
Common languages
Sanskrit, Minang, and Malay
Religion
Hindu-Buddhism (first era), Animism, Sunni Islam (last era)
Government
Monarchy
Maharaja Diraja
• 1347–1375 (First King)
Adityawarman
• 1789–1833 Last King)
Sultan Tangkal Alam
History
• Established
1347
• Padri War
1833
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Dharmasraya
Dutch East Indies
Inderapura Kingdom
Today part of
Indonesia
Part of a series on the
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Pagaruyung (Minangkabau: Karajaan Pagaruyuang, other name: Pagaruyung Dārul Qarār), also known as Pagarruyung, Pagar Ruyung and Malayapura or Malayupura,[2] was a kingdom that once stood in the island of Sumatra and the seat of the Minangkabau kings of Western Sumatra.[3] Modern Pagaruyung is a village in Tanjung Emas subdistrict, Tanah Datar regency, located near the town of Batusangkar, Indonesia.
Prior to its establishment, the kingdom was part of Malayapura,[4] a kingdom that the Amoghapasa inscription mentions was ruled by Adityawarman,[5] who established himself as the ruler of Bhumi Malayu in Suwarnabhumi. Also included in Malayapura were the kingdom of Dharmasraya and several other kingdoms or conquests of Adityawarman.[6]
^Gallop 2002.
^Casparis 1975.
^Bosch 1931. sfn error: no target: CITEREFBosch1931 (help)
^Casparis, J.G. (1975). Indonesian palaeography: a history of writing in Indonesia from the beginnings to C. A, Part 1500. E. J. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-04172-1.
^Mhd. Nur, et al. (2016) "Perjuangan Sultan Alam Bagagar Syah Dalam Melawan Penjajah Belanda di Minangkabau pada Abad ke 19" Agam : Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan
^Casparis, J.G. "Peranan Adityawarman Putera Melayu di Asia Tenggara". Tamadun Melayu. 3: 918–943.
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Global Information
![Royal seal of Sultan Tangkal Alam[1] of Pagaruyung](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Minangkabau_royal_seal.svg/85px-Minangkabau_royal_seal.svg.png)
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