Flag A merchant flag attributed to Bali, shown in European sources from the 18th century, also with six stripes[1]
Anthem: ᬩᬮᬶ ᬤ᭄ᬯᬶᬧ ᬚᬬ! "Bali Dwipa Jaya!" ("Glorious Bali Island!")
The maximum extent of Balinese Kingdom of Gelgel in the mid-16th century. The territory covers Blambangan (Banyuwangi) to the western part of Sumbawa.
Status
Sovereign state (914-1343) vassal state of the Majapahit Empire (1343-1512) Nine Kingdoms period (1512-1908)
Capital
Bedulu (Warmadewa period)
Samprangan (Majapahit period)
Gelgel (Gelgel period)
Klungkung (Nine Kingdoms period)
Common languages
Balinese (official, court language, high literature, lingua franca, administration) Kawi and Sanskrit (religious)
Regional
Sasak
Osing
Sumbawa
Loloanese
Religion
State religion: Hinduism
Minority: Mahāyāna Budhism
Demonym(s)
Balinese, Balinar
Government
Absolute monarchy
Raja, Arya, Maharaja, Dalem, Dewa Agung
• c. 914 (first)
Śrī Kesarī Warmadewa
• c. late 10th century
Udayana Warmadewa (Udayana the Great)
• c. early 11th century
Anak Wungçu
• c. 1180
Jayapangus
• c. 1343
Aŕya Kénceng
• c. 1520-1558
Dalém Baturénggong
• c. 1903-1908 (last)
Dewa Agung Jambé II
History
• Sri Kesari Warmadewa created the Belanjong pillar
February 13 or 27, 914
• Dutch invasion against Klungkung
April 18, 1908
Currency
Native silver coins and Chinese kepeng coins (pis bolong)
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Prehistoric Indonesia
Mataram Kingdom
Majapahit
Dutch East Indies
Bali and Lombok Residency
Today part of
Indonesia ∟ Bali ∟ East Java ∟ West Nusa Tenggara
The Kingdomship of Bali (Balinese: ᭚ᬓᭂᬭᬚ᭡ᬦ᭄ᬩᬮᬶ; romanized: Kĕrajaan Bali) was a series of Hindu-Buddhist kingdoms that once ruled some parts of the volcanic island of Bali, in Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia. With a history of native Balinese kingship spanning from the early 10th to early 20th centuries, Balinese kingdoms demonstrated sophisticated Balinese court culture where native elements of spirit and ancestral reverence combined with Hindu influences—adopted from India through ancient Java intermediary—flourished, enriched and shaped Balinese culture.
Because of its proximity and close cultural relations with the neighbouring island of Java during the Indonesian Hindu-Buddhist period, the history of the Bali Kingdom was often intertwined with and heavily influenced by its Javanese counterparts, from Mataram (c. 9th century) to the Majapahit empire in the 13th to 15th centuries. The culture, language, arts and architecture of the island was influenced by Java. Javanese influences and presences grew even stronger with the fall of the Majapahit empire in the late 15th century. After the empire fell to its Muslim vassal the Demak Sultanate, a number of Hindu Majapahit courtiers, nobles, priests, and artisans found refuge on the island of Bali. As a result, Bali became what historian Ramesh Chandra Majumdar describes as the last stronghold of Indo-Javanese culture and civilisation. The Bali Kingdom in the following centuries expanded its influence to neighboring islands and began to establish a Colony, Gelgel Kingdom Bali for example expanded their influence and established a colony in the Blambangan region at the eastern tip of Java to the western part of the Sumbawa island, while Karangasem Kingdom established their colonial settlements in western parts of Lombok, then the Klungkung kingdom conquered of Nusa Penida in the later period.
Since the mid-19th century, the colonial state of the Dutch East Indies began its involvement in Bali, as it launched its campaign against the Balinese minor kingdoms one by one. By the early 20th century, the Dutch had completed their conquest of Bali as these minor kingdoms fell under their control, either by force resulting in Puputan fighting followed by mass ritual suicide, or surrendering gracefully to the Dutch. Either way, despite some of these Balinese royal houses still surviving, these events ended a millennium of the native Balinese independent kingdoms, as the local government changed to Dutch colonial administration, and later to the provincial government of Bali within the Republic of Indonesia.
The Kingdomship of Bali (Balinese: ᭚ᬓᭂᬭᬚ᭡ᬦ᭄ᬩᬮᬶ; romanized: Kĕrajaan Bali) was a series of Hindu-Buddhist kingdoms that once ruled some parts of the volcanic...
question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Balinese characters. Bali (/ˈbɑːli/; Balinese: ᬩᬮᬶ) is a province of Indonesia and the westernmost of the...
The History of Bali covers a period from the Paleolithic to the present, and is characterized by migrations of people and cultures from other parts of...
Mahabali (IAST: Mahābalī), also known as Bali, Indrasenan, or Māveli, is a daitya king featured in Hinduism. He is the grandson of Prahlada, and a descendant...
(Indonesian: Suku Bali; Balinese: ᬳᬦᬓ᭄ᬩᬮᬶ, romanized: Ânak Bali) are an Austronesian ethnic group native to the Indonesian island of Bali. The Balinese population...
The 2022 G20 Bali summit (Indonesian: Konferensi Tingkat Tinggi G20 Bali 2022) was the seventeenth meeting of Group of Twenty (G20), which was held in...
This is a list of monarchs of the BaliKingdom, an island in the Indonesian archipelago. Included are, first, rulers on an island-wide level, and, second...
October 2002 in the tourist district of Kuta on the Indonesian island of Bali. The attacks killed 202 people (including 88 Australians, 38 Indonesians...
The Bali tiger was a Panthera tigris sondaica population on the Indonesian island of Bali which has been extinct since the 1950s. It was formerly regarded...
the kingdom had become a dominant empire that exercised its power—not only in Java, but also in Sumatra, Bali, southern Thailand, Indianized kingdoms of...
The Bali Aga, Baliaga, or Bali Mula are the indigenous people of Bali. Linguistically they are an Austronesian people. Bali Aga people are predominantly...
region of East Java or across the narrow strait to Bali. Indeed, in some ways, the Kingdom of Bali was the successor of Majapahit. Large numbers of Majapahit...
Hindu Sundanese monk who visited all of the holy Hindu sites in Java and Bali islands at the beginning of the sixteenth century AD, in his lontar manuscripts...
The 1815 Bali earthquake occurred on November 22 between 22:00 and 23:00 local time (WITA), affecting the BaliKingdom. The estimated moment magnitude...
marriage. At that time, Mataram had become a powerful kingdom, and was allied to or probably dominated Bali, and had established a colony in West Kalimantan...
situated in the southern ocean, at the east of Sumatra and at the west of Bali. At its south it has the sea and towards the north lies Cambodia. The people...
to Bali, which integrated Bali into the Singhasari kingdom's territory. The king also sent troops, expeditions, and envoys to other nearby kingdoms such...
daughter of the Dharmasraya Kingdom as mentioned in Pararaton. He had previously fought with Mahapatih Gajah Mada to conquer Bali and Palembang, during his...
The Kingdom of Pajang or Sultanate of Pajang (كسلطانن ڤاجڠ; 1586–1568) was a short-lived Muslim state in Java. It was established by Hadiwijaya or Jaka...
examining its style, the sanctuary was probably dated from the 11th century BaliKingdom. The complex contains both Hindu and Buddhist imagery, as the cave contains...
Kediri Kingdom (also known as Panjalu, Javanese: ꦥꦚ꧀ꦗꦭꦸ) was a Hindu-Buddhist Javanese kingdom based in East Java from 1042 until 1222. This kingdom is centered...
The Melayu Kingdom (also known as Malayu, Dharmasraya Kingdom or the Jambi Kingdom; Chinese: 末羅瑜國; pinyin: Mòluóyú Guó, reconstructed Middle Chinese pronunciation...
Negarakertagama, the locations Galiyao and Solot were mentioned to be "east of Bali" and are believed to correspond to the approximate region, indicating some...
Tarumanagara or Taruma Kingdom or just Taruma was an early Sundanese Indianised kingdom, located in western Java, whose 5th-century ruler, Purnawarman...
was ruled under Islamic states, except Bali that retained a Hindu majority. Sultanates, city states, local kingdoms and tribes were all connected through...
October 2005 in Bali, Indonesia. Bombs exploded at two sites in Jimbaran Beach resort and in Kuta 30 km (19 mi) away, both in south Bali. The terrorist...
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