Oxandrolone is an androgen and synthetic anabolic steroid (AAS) medication to help promote weight gain in various situations, to help offset protein catabolism caused by long-term corticosteroid therapy, to support recovery from severe burns, to treat bone pain associated with osteoporosis, to aid in the development of girls with Turner syndrome, and for other indications.[7][8][9] It is taken by mouth.[7] It was sold under the brand names Oxandrin and Anavar, among others.[1]
The drug is a synthetic androgen and anabolic steroid, hence is an agonist of the androgen receptor (AR), the biological target of androgens such as testosterone and dihydrotestosterone.[7][10]
Side effects of oxandrolone include severe cases of peliosis hepatis, sometimes associated with liver failure and intra-abdominal hemorrhage; liver tumors, sometimes fatal; and blood lipid changes associated with increased risk of atherosclerosis. Additional warnings include the risks associated with cholestatic hepatitis, hypercalcemia in patients with breast cancer, and increased risk for the development of prostatic hypertrophy and prostatic carcinoma in older patients.[11] It has strong anabolic effects and weak androgenic effects, which gave it a mild side effect profile in that regard and made it especially suitable for use in women.[7] Milder side effects in women were increased sexual desire, symptoms of hyperandrogenism such as acne, and symptoms of masculinization such as increased hair growth and voice changes.[7]
Oxandrolone was first described in 1962 and introduced for medical use in 1964.[7] The drug was a controlled substance in many countries, so non-medical use for purposes such as improving physique and performance it has been generally illicit.[7][12][13][14][15] In the United States, the FDA withdrew in 2023 the approval for the drug for reasons of safety or effectiveness, following a 2019 letter from Gemini, a drug manufacturer, stating that the product was no longer being marketed.[11]
^ abMavros Y, O'Neill E, Connerty M, Bean JF, Broe K, Kiel DP, et al. (November 2015). "Oxandrolone Augmentation of Resistance Training in Older Women: A Randomized Trial". Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 47 (11): 2257–2267. doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000000690. PMID 25899102. Oxandrolone (trade name Anavar or Oxandrin)
^"FDA-sourced list of all drugs with black box warnings (Use Download Full Results and View Query links.)". nctr-crs.fda.gov. FDA. Retrieved 22 Oct 2023.
^Anvisa (2023-03-31). "RDC Nº 784 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial" [Collegiate Board Resolution No. 784 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control] (in Brazilian Portuguese). Diário Oficial da União (published 2023-04-04). Archived from the original on 2023-08-03. Retrieved 2023-08-15.
^ abcdMozayani A, Raymon L (15 October 2003). Handbook of Drug Interactions: A Clinical and Forensic Guide. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 513–. ISBN 978-1-59259-654-6. Archived from the original on 14 January 2023. Retrieved 6 November 2017.
^ abcdMiller JT, Btaiche IF (February 2009). "Oxandrolone treatment in adults with severe thermal injury". Pharmacotherapy. 29 (2): 213–226. doi:10.1592/phco.29.2.213. hdl:2027.42/90285. PMID 19170590. S2CID 25780591.
^Hemat RA (2 March 2003). Andropathy. Urotext. pp. 108–. ISBN 978-1-903737-08-8. Archived from the original on 2023-01-14. Retrieved 2017-11-06.
^ abcdefgLlewellyn W (2011). Anabolics. Molecular Nutrition Llc. pp. 342–352. ISBN 978-0-9828280-1-4. Archived from the original on 2024-04-07. Retrieved 2017-11-06.
^Cite error: The named reference LiGuo2016 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference RojasFinnerty2012 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Kicman AT (June 2008). "Pharmacology of anabolic steroids". British Journal of Pharmacology. 154 (3): 502–521. doi:10.1038/bjp.2008.165. PMC 2439524. PMID 18500378.
^ abCite error: The named reference fda923 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Korkia P, Stimson GV (October 1997). "Indications of prevalence, practice and effects of anabolic steroid use in Great Britain". International Journal of Sports Medicine. 18 (7): 557–562. doi:10.1055/s-2007-972681. PMID 9414081. S2CID 260169851. Low dose 28 +/- 18; High dose 80 +/- 13
^Cite error: The named reference FDA2009 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference CanadaLaws was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference GovUK was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
Oxandrolone is an androgen and synthetic anabolic steroid (AAS) medication to help promote weight gain in various situations, to help offset protein catabolism...
some cases oxandrolone, a steroid with a relatively mild masculinizing effect, may be used alongside growth hormone. The addition of oxandrolone to a Turner's...
administered to Russian athletes at the Sochi Winter Olympics consisted of oxandrolone, a metenolone ester, and a trenbolone ester. In November 1994, South...
(R-CH(OH)-(CH2)2-CO2H) spontaneously cyclise. In one industrial synthesis of oxandrolone the key lactone-forming step is an organic reaction - esterification...
dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and of synthetic anabolic steroids like nandrolone and oxandrolone. Vosilasarm shows high affinity for the AR, with a Ki value of 7 nM (relative...
2016). "Novel Uses for the Anabolic Androgenic Steroids Nandrolone and Oxandrolone in the Management of Male Health". Current Urology Reports. 17 (10):...
Counteracting the catabolic effect of long-term corticosteroid therapy. Oxandrolone improves both short-term and long-term outcomes in people recovering...
and consultant, endorsed anabolic-androgenic steroids, specifically Oxandrolone, Primobolan and Methasterone, as the most effective choice for female...
States: megestrol acetate - a progesterone available as an oral tablet, oxandrolone - an oral anabolic steroid, and dronabinol - a cannabinoid available...
chronic gout, which it marketed beginning in 2011. It also marketed oxandrolone beginning in 1995. Savient was incorporated in 1980 as Bio-Technology...
compared with testosterone and then used to form a ratio. Along with oxandrolone (which has a ratio of about 10:1), nandrolone esters are thought to have...
to injecting testosterone and using the anabolic steroid oxandrolone. She said, "Oxandrolone is very quickly out of my body again. It takes less than...
wrestlers, including Orton, who was alleged to have obtained nandrolone, oxandrolone, stanozolol, and testosterone, as well as ancillary drugs anastrozole...
attacks of HAE can be prevented by the use of androgens such as danazol, oxandrolone or methyltestosterone. These agents increase the level of aminopeptidase...
if nausea is a prominent symptom. Anabolic-androgenic steroids like oxandrolone may be beneficial in cachexia but their use is recommended for a maximum...
PMID 16424293. Grunfeld C, Kotler DP, Dobs A, Glesby M, Bhasin S (March 2006). "Oxandrolone in the treatment of HIV-associated weight loss in men: a randomized,...
оксикодон (Russian). The word "oxycodone" should not be confused with "oxandrolone", "oxazepam", "oxybutynin", "oxytocin", or "Roxanol". Other brand names...
swapped because the athletes "had been authorised to use the cocktail of oxandrolone, methenolone and trenbolone during the Games". The Russian Olympic Committee...
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