An orexigenic, or appetite stimulant, is a drug, hormone, or compound that increases appetite and may induce hyperphagia. This can be a medication or a naturally occurring neuropeptide hormone, such as ghrelin, orexin or neuropeptide Y,[1][2] which increases hunger and therefore enhances food consumption. Usually appetite enhancement is considered an undesirable side effect of certain drugs as it leads to unwanted weight gain,[3][4][5] but sometimes it can be beneficial and a drug may be prescribed solely for this purpose, especially when the patient is suffering from severe appetite loss or muscle wasting due to cystic fibrosis, anorexia, old age, cancer or AIDS.[6][7][8][9][10] There are several widely used drugs which can cause a boost in appetite, including tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), tetracyclic antidepressants, natural or synthetic cannabinoids, first-generation antihistamines, most antipsychotics and many steroid hormones. In the United States, no hormone or drug has currently been approved by the FDA specifically as an orexigenic, with the exception of Dronabinol, which received approval for HIV/AIDS-induced anorexia only.
^Diepvens K, Häberer D, Westerterp-Plantenga M (Mar 2008). "Different proteins and biopeptides differently affect satiety and anorexigenic/orexigenic hormones in healthy humans". Int J Obes (Lond). 32 (3): 510–8. doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0803758. PMID 18345020.
^Purnell JQ, Weyer C (2003). "Weight effect of current and experimental drugs for diabetes mellitus: from promotion to alleviation of obesity". Treatments in Endocrinology. 2 (1): 33–47. doi:10.2165/00024677-200302010-00004. PMID 15871553. S2CID 8088326.
^Hermansen K, Mortensen LS (2007). "Bodyweight changes associated with antihyperglycaemic agents in type 2 diabetes mellitus". Drug Safety. 30 (12): 1127–42. doi:10.2165/00002018-200730120-00005. PMID 18035865. S2CID 19877584.
^Maayan L, Correll CU (July 2010). "Management of antipsychotic-related weight gain". Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics. 10 (7): 1175–200. doi:10.1586/ern.10.85. PMC 3501406. PMID 20586697.
^Strasser F, Bruera ED (June 2002). "Update on anorexia and cachexia". Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America. 16 (3): 589–617. doi:10.1016/s0889-8588(02)00011-4. PMID 12170570.
^Morley JE (2007). "Weight loss in older persons: new therapeutic approaches". Current Pharmaceutical Design. 13 (35): 3637–47. doi:10.2174/138161207782794149. PMID 18220800.
^Fox CB, Treadway AK, Blaszczyk AT, Sleeper RB (April 2009). "Megestrol acetate and mirtazapine for the treatment of unplanned weight loss in the elderly". Pharmacotherapy. 29 (4): 383–97. doi:10.1592/phco.29.4.383. PMID 19323618. S2CID 6695434.
^Holmes S (July 2009). "A difficult clinical problem: diagnosis, impact and clinical management of cachexia in palliative care". International Journal of Palliative Nursing. 15 (7): 320, 322–6. doi:10.12968/ijpn.2009.15.7.43421. PMID 19648846.
and 29 Related for: Appetite stimulant information
An orexigenic, or appetitestimulant, is a drug, hormone, or compound that increases appetite and may induce hyperphagia. This can be a medication or...
contrast, an appetitestimulant is referred to as orexigenic. The term is (from the Greek ἀν- (an-) = "without" and ὄρεξις (órexis) = "appetite"), and such...
Homnick, Douglas N. (2005). "Long-term trial of cyproheptadine as an appetitestimulant in cystic fibrosis". Pediatric Pulmonology. 40 (3): 251–256. doi:10...
delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in the pharmaceutical context. It has indications as an appetitestimulant, antiemetic, and sleep apnea reliever and is approved by the FDA as...
Weight loss or loss of appetite ("cachexia") is an effect of some diseases, and a side effect of some prescription drugs. Stimulants such as methylphenidate...
Mirtazapine is sometimes prescribed as an appetitestimulant for cats or dogs experiencing loss of appetite due to medical conditions such as chronic...
Stimulants (also known as central nervous system stimulants, or psychostimulants, or colloquially as uppers) are a class of drugs that increase the activity...
among others, is a progestin medication which is used mainly as an appetitestimulant to treat wasting syndromes such as cachexia. It is also used to treat...
and a hepatotoxin that has many effects on the body, including increased appetite, fatigue, and drowsiness. It has not been approved by the US Food and Drug...
enter the antipsychotic segment in 2007. It acquired Longifene-an appetitestimulant for children in January 2010 which was earlier a brand of UCB. In...
minims. In Turkish folk medicine, its seeds have been used as an appetitestimulant, tranquilizer or diuretic. Anise essential oil can be obtained from...
post-traumatic stress disorder. Cyproheptadine is used in cats as an appetitestimulant: 1371 and as an adjunct in the treatment of asthma. Possible adverse...
a belief that exercising may worsen their symptoms or cause harm. Appetitestimulant medications are used to treat cachexia to increase food intake, but...
hypothalamic arcuate nucleus, including neuropeptide Y neurons that initiate appetite. Ghrelin stimulates brain structures having a specific receptor – the growth...
anthelmintic, insecticide and miticide mirtazapine – antiemetic and appetitestimulant in cats and dogs mitratapide – used to help weight loss in dogs morphine...
been used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia, as a palliative appetitestimulant for cancer patients, and at high doses (800 mg per day) to treat certain...
Nandrolone decanoate, sold under the brand name ROLON among others, is an androgen and anabolic steroid (AAS) medication which is used primarily in the...
unresponsive to conventional treatment. This is due to its antiemetic and appetitestimulant properties. Mirtazapine acts on the same serotonin receptor (5-HT3)...
a pharmaceutical form of THC, has been approved by the FDA as an appetitestimulant for people with AIDS and an antiemetic for people receiving chemotherapy...
Oxandrolone is an androgen and synthetic anabolic steroid (AAS) medication to help promote weight gain in various situations, to help offset protein catabolism...
Difficulty in maintaining linear thinking Weight gain due to increased appetite Immunosuppression Corticosteroid-induced lipodystrophy (moon face, central...
hydroxy-stearic acids (PAHSAs). They may act as an appetitestimulant, but they also regulate appetite so infants do not eat too much. That may be why formula-fed...
classification. Research on ketotifen continues to explore its impact on appetite regulation and effectiveness against specific medical conditions like irritable...
increase in energy, a reduced appetite, increased alertness and a boost in confidence are all additional side effects of stimulant use when introduced to the...
There is also reason to believe the plant could be effective as an appetitestimulant.[citation needed] Cuphea aspera Chapman Cuphea carthagenensis (Jacq...
used to suppress appetite, improve cognitive performance, as well as treating ADHD, depression, and narcolepsy. Amphetamine type stimulants are also known...
short-term sedative and anxiolytic for cats and dogs, sometimes used as an appetitestimulant. It can also be used to stop seizures in dogs and cats. "National...
purpose because of its sweet flavor and because it is believed to be an appetitestimulant, as those who have been fasting want to be able to enjoy as much rich...
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