Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, neonatal icterus, jaundice in newborns
Jaundice in a newborn
Specialty
Pediatrics
Symptoms
Yellowish discoloration of the skin and white part of the eyes[1]
Complications
Seizures, cerebral palsy, kernicterus[1]
Usual onset
Newborns[1]
Types
Physiologic, pathologic[1]
Causes
Red blood cell breakdown, liver disease, infection, hypothyroidism, metabolic disorders[2][1]
Diagnostic method
Based on symptoms, confirmed by bilirubin[1]
Treatment
More frequent feeding, phototherapy, exchange transfusions[1]
Frequency
>50% of babies[1]
Neonatal jaundice is a yellowish discoloration of the white part of the eyes and skin in a newborn baby due to high bilirubin levels.[1] Other symptoms may include excess sleepiness or poor feeding.[1] Complications may include seizures, cerebral palsy, or kernicterus.[1]
In most of cases there is no specific underlying physiologic disorder.[2] In other cases it results from red blood cell breakdown, liver disease, infection, hypothyroidism, or metabolic disorders (pathologic).[2][1] A bilirubin level more than 34 μmol/L (2 mg/dL) may be visible.[1] Concerns, in otherwise healthy babies, occur when levels are greater than 308 μmol/L (18 mg/dL), jaundice is noticed in the first day of life, there is a rapid rise in levels, jaundice lasts more than two weeks, or the baby appears unwell.[1] In those with concerning findings further investigations to determine the underlying cause are recommended.[1]
The need for treatment depends on bilirubin levels, the age of the child, and the underlying cause.[1][3] Treatments may include more frequent feeding, phototherapy, or exchange transfusions.[1] In those who are born early more aggressive treatment tends to be required.[1] Physiologic jaundice generally lasts less than seven days.[1] The condition affects over half of babies in the first week of life.[1] Of babies that are born early about 80% are affected.[2] Globally over 100,000 late-preterm and term babies die each year as a result of jaundice.[4]
^ abcdefghijklmnopqrst"Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia". Merck Manuals Professional Edition. August 2015. Retrieved 11 December 2017.
^ abcd"Jaundice in newborn babies under 28 days | Guidance and guidelines". NICE. October 2016. Retrieved 11 December 2017.
^"Jaundice in newborn babies under 28 days". NICE. October 2016. Retrieved 11 December 2017.
^Olusanya, BO; Teeple, S; Kassebaum, NJ (February 2018). "The Contribution of Neonatal Jaundice to Global Child Mortality: Findings From the GBD 2016 Study". Pediatrics. 141 (2): e20171471. doi:10.1542/peds.2017-1471. PMID 29305393.
Neonataljaundice is a yellowish discoloration of the white part of the eyes and skin in a newborn baby due to high bilirubin levels. Other symptoms may...
T, et al. (Cochrane Neonatal Group) (March 2023). "Intermittent phototherapy versus continuous phototherapy for neonataljaundice". The Cochrane Database...
Mills JF, Tudehope D, et al. (Cochrane Neonatal Group) (2001). "Fibreoptic phototherapy for neonataljaundice". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews...
Hemolytic jaundice, also known as prehepatic jaundice, is a type of jaundice arising from hemolysis or excessive destruction of red blood cells, when the...
blood cells, cannot always be effectively cleared by a neonate's liver causing neonataljaundice. Accumulation of excess bilirubin can cause central nervous...
[citation needed] Neonataljaundice is the other chief complication that leads to the basal ganglia damage associated with this condition. Jaundice is caused...
receive additional care before being discharged. Neonatal refers to the first 28 days of life. Neonatal care, as known as specialized nurseries or intensive...
aid in the prevention of neonataljaundice. When administered to pre-discharge newborns who were at risk for neonataljaundice the results showed a decrease...
They include: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, where the newborn's liver is not able to properly process the bilirubin causing jaundice Hepatocellular disease...
jaundiced. Jaundice that is caused by neonatal hepatitis is not the same as physiologic neonataljaundice. In contrast with physiologic neonataljaundice, infants...
incidence of jaundice in term infants with delayed cord clamping, and recommended policies be in place to monitor for and treat neonataljaundice. ACOG also...
of the newborn (neonataljaundice) and requires light therapy to reduce the amount of bilirubin in the blood. Pathological jaundice in newborns should...
require further evaluation for neonatal cholestasis. Most infants affected by neonatal cholestasis will present with jaundice, scleral icterus, failure to...
11% neonates will develop hyperbilirubinemia in the first week of their lives. In jaundice owing to hemolysis (prehepatic, or hemolytic, jaundice), the...
phototherapy for physiological and non-physiological neonataljaundice: A systematic review". Journal of Neonatal Nursing. 28 (5): 312–326. doi:10.1016/j.jnn.2021...
Mildly elevated serum bilirubin levels are common in newborns, and neonataljaundice is not unusual, but bilirubin levels must be carefully monitored in...
isomer of bilirubin, which is formed during phototherapy used to treat neonataljaundice. This polar isomer resulting from the blue-green lights of phototherapy...
Carlo, W. A.; Kennedy, K. A. (2010-09-01). "Neonatal Outcomes of Extremely Preterm Infants From the NICHD Neonatal Research Network". Pediatrics. 126 (3):...
phototherapy that uses blue light with a range of 420–470 nm, used to treat neonataljaundice. Black light is commonly used to authenticate oil paintings, antiques...
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