In linguistics, mutual intelligibility is a relationship between languages or dialects in which speakers of different but related varieties can readily understand each other without prior familiarity or special effort. It is sometimes used as an important criterion for distinguishing languages from dialects, although sociolinguistic factors are often also used.
Intelligibility between languages can be asymmetric, with speakers of one understanding more of the other than speakers of the other understanding the first. When it is relatively symmetric, it is characterized as "mutual". It exists in differing degrees among many related or geographically proximate languages of the world, often in the context of a dialect continuum.
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the lower the mutualintelligibility. Asymmetric intelligibility refers to two languages that are considered partially mutuallyintelligible, but where one...
Afrikaans, and different spellings. There is a large degree of mutualintelligibility between the two languages, especially in written form. The name...
Republic. Czech is closely related to Slovak, to the point of high mutualintelligibility, as well as to Polish to a lesser degree. Czech is a fusional language...
kaibigankastila webpage of the Spanish culture in the Philippines. On linguistic mutual intolerance in the Philippines Filipino Translator Tagalog Translator Online...
with Faroese and Icelandic. A more recent classification based on mutualintelligibility separates modern spoken Danish, Norwegian, and Swedish as "mainland...
high degree of mutualintelligibility between the two languages, particularly in written form. Research suggests that mutualintelligibility between Dutch...
Danish, Norwegian and Swedish are close enough to form a strong mutualintelligibility where cross-border communication in native languages is very common...
each mutuallyintelligible with the next, but may not be mutuallyintelligible with distant varieties. Others have argued that mutualintelligibility occurs...
(Maghreb) west of Egypt. The mutualintelligibility is high within each of those two groups, while the intelligibility between the two groups is asymmetric:...
forms among young people, such as Okinawan Japanese. In terms of mutualintelligibility, a survey in 1967 found the four most unintelligible dialects (excluding...
consonant inventories, although this is less common. In terms of mutualintelligibility, a survey in 1967 found that the four most unintelligible dialects...
Intelligibility may refer to: Look up intelligibility in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Mutualintelligibility, in linguistics Intelligibility (communication)...
(44% distance). The most obvious differences are in pronunciation. Mutualintelligibility is greater between the written languages than between the spoken...
said to them in Maltese. This asymmetric intelligibility is considerably lower than the mutualintelligibility found between Maghrebi Arabic dialects....
having limited mutualintelligibility with it, others almost none. Teochew, Longyan, and Zhenan are said to have general mutualintelligibility with Hokkien...
level of comprehension between different Polynesian languages. The mutualintelligibility of Hawaiian was found to be 41.2% with Marquesan, 37.5% with Tahitian...
Commonly studied concepts in dialectology include the problem of mutualintelligibility in defining languages and dialects; situations of diglossia, where...
after the Anglo-Saxon migration, Old English retained considerable mutualintelligibility with other Germanic varieties. Even in the 9th and 10th centuries...
Most assessments of mutualintelligibility of varieties of Chinese in the literature are impressionistic. Functional intelligibility testing is time-consuming...
Mall Hellam proposed cognate sentences that she asserted to be mutuallyintelligible among the three most widely spoken Uralic languages: Finnish, Estonian...
Many varieties of Zapotec are mutually unintelligible with one another. There are some radical jumps in intelligibility between geographically close communities...
not mutuallyintelligible. Relatively low mutual interaction for neighbouring languages historically led to gradual erosion of mutualintelligibility, and...
Hong Kong, Thailand, Brunei, Vietnam elsewhere across the world. Mutualintelligibility between Hokkien dialects varies, but they are still held together...
that objectively standardizing Quebec French would lead to reduced mutualintelligibility with other French communities around the world, linguistically isolating...
Turkish and Russian lexical items". There is a varying degree of mutualintelligibility between Dungan and various Mandarin dialects. Central Plains Mandarin...
almost universal within the Turkic family. There is a high degree of mutualintelligibility, upon moderate exposure, among the various Oghuz languages, which...
tenses considered "bookish" or archaic in most other dialects. Mutualintelligibility in Spanish does not necessarily mean a translation is wholly applicable...
draws these aspects from Sanskrit; consequently, the two languages' mutualintelligibility effectively decreases as the factor of formality increases. In 1837...
Hakha Chin, or Laiholh, is a Kuki-Chin language spoken by 446,264 people, mostly in Myanmar. In Mizoram, the language is recognized as Pawi. The total...
However, modern English and Frisian are not mutuallyintelligible, nor are Frisian languages intelligible among themselves, owing to independent linguistic...