This article is about the rule of the Qing dynasty over the Mongolian steppe. For historical region of the Qing dynasty roughly corresponding to modern Mongolia, see Outer Mongolia.
Mongolia under Qing rule
Regions of the Qing dynasty
1635–1911
Flag (1889–1911)
Imperial Seal
Outer Mongolia and Inner Mongolia within the Qing Empire, c. 1820
• The surrender of Ejei Khan of the Northern Yuan dynasty.
1635
• The surrender of the northern Khalkha.
1691
• Outer Mongolia declares its independence from the Qing dynasty
December 1911
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Northern Yuan dynasty
Dzungar Khanate
Republic of China
Bogd Khanate of Mongolia
Uryankhay Republic
Mongolia under Qing rule
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese
清朝統治下的蒙古
Simplified Chinese
清朝统治下的蒙古
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin
Qīngcháo tǒngzhì xià de ménggǔ
Mongolian name
Mongolian Cyrillic
Чин улсын захиргаанд байсан Монгол
Mongolian script
ᠴᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ
Transcriptions
SASM/GNC
Chin ulsyn zakhirgaand baisan Mongol
History of Mongolia
Timeline
States
Rulers
Nobility
Culture
Politics
Geography
Language
Religion
Prehistoric period
Afanasievo culture
3300–2500 BC
Chemurchek culture
2750–1900 BC
Munkhkhairkhan culture
1800–1600 BC
Sagsai culture
1500–1000 BC
Ulaanzuukh culture
1450–1150 BC
Deer stones culture
1400–700 BC
Slab-grave culture
1100–300 BC
Chandman culture
700–300 BC
Pazyryk culture
600–300 BC
Ancient period
Xiongnu
209 BC–93 AD
Xianbei state
93–234
Rouran Khaganate
330–555
Göktürks (First, Eastern,
and Second Turkic Khaganates)
555–630 682–744
Xueyantuo
628–646
Tang protectorate
647–682
Uyghur Khaganate
744–840
Liao dynasty
907–1125
Medieval period
Mongol khanates
9th–12th century
Khamag Mongol
1130–1206
Mongol Empire
1206–1368
Yuan dynasty
1271–1368
Northern Yuan
1368–1635
Oirat Confederation
1399–1634
Dzungar Khanate
1634–1757
Qing dynasty
1691–1911
Modern period
National Revolution
1911
Bogd Khaganate
1911–1919
Chinese occupation
1919–1921
People's Revolution (Soviet intervention in Bogd Khanate)
1921 1921–1924
People's Republic
1924–1992
Democratic Revolution
1990
Modern Mongolia
1990–present
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Mongolia under Qing rule was the rule of the Manchu-led Qing dynasty of China over the Mongolian Plateau, including the four Outer Mongolian aimags (a.k.a. "leagues") and the six Inner Mongolian aimags from the 17th century to the end of the dynasty. The term "Mongolia" is used here in the broader historical sense, and includes an area much larger than the modern-day state of Mongolia. By the early 1630s Ligdan Khan saw much of his power weakened due to the disunity of the Mongol tribes. He was subsequently defeated by the Later Jin dynasty and died soon afterwards. His son Ejei handed the Yuan imperial seal over to Hong Taiji in 1635, thus ending the rule of the Northern Yuan dynasty in Inner Mongolia. However, the Khalkha Mongols in Outer Mongolia continued to rule until they were overrun by the Dzungar Khanate in 1690, and they submitted to the Qing dynasty in 1691.
The Qing dynasty ruled Inner and Outer Mongolia for over 200 years. During this period, Qing rulers established separate administrative structures to govern each region. While the empire maintained firm control in both Inner and Outer Mongolia, the Mongols in Outer Mongolia (which is further from the capital Beijing) enjoyed a higher degree of autonomy,[1] and also retained their own language and culture during this period.[2]
Cite error: There are <ref group=note> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=note}} template (see the help page).
^The Cambridge History of China, vol10, pg49
^Paula L. W. Sabloff- Modern mongolia: reclaiming Genghis Khan, p. 32.
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