• Taiwan separated from Fujian, converted to its own province
1887
• Treaty of Shimonoseki (TOS); Taiwan ceded to Japan
17 April 1895
• Republic of Formosa declared in Taiwan
23 May 1895
• Republic of Formosa conquered by Japan
21 October 1895
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Kingdom of Tungning
Kingdom of Middag
Taiwan under Japanese rule
Republic of Formosa
Today part of
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The Qing dynasty ruled over the island of Taiwan from 1683 to 1895. The Qing dynasty sent an army led by general Shi Lang and defeated the Ming loyalist Kingdom of Tungning in 1683. Taiwan was then formally annexed in April 1684.[1]
Taiwan was governed as Taiwan Prefecture of Fujian Province until the establishment of the Fujian–Taiwan Province in 1887. The Qing dynasty extended its control of Taiwan across the western coast of Taiwan, the western plains, and northeastern Taiwan over the 18th and 19th centuries.[2] The Qing government did not pursue an active colonization policy and restricted Han migration to Taiwan for the majority of its rule out of fear of rebellion and conflict with the Taiwanese indigenous peoples. Han migrants were barred from settling on indigenous land and markers were used to delineate the boundaries of settled areas and mountain dwelling aborigines. Despite Qing restrictions, settlers continued to enter Taiwan and push the boundaries of indigenous territory, resulting in the expansion of Qing borders in Taiwan to encompass all of the western plains and northeastern Taiwan. The lack of state sponsored colonial administration led to frequent rebellions by Han settlers in Taiwan. By the end of Qing rule in 1895, Taiwan's ethnic Han population had increased by over two million with some estimates at over three million, making them the majority demographic on the island. Taiwan was ceded to the Empire of Japan with the Treaty of Shimonoseki in April 1895, following the Qing dynasty's defeat in the First Sino-Japanese War.
The Qing Empire in 1820, with provinces in yellow, military governorates and protectorates in light yellow, tributary states in orange.
^"Taiwan in Time: The admiral's secret plan – Taipei Times". 23 September 2018. Archived from the original on 9 August 2022. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
^ 臺灣歷史地圖 增訂版 [Taiwan Historical Maps, Expanded and Revised Edition]. Taipei: National Museum of Taiwan History. February 2018. pp. 86–87. ISBN 978-986-05-5274-4.
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