Metoprolol, sold under the brand name Lopressor among others, is a medication used to treat high blood pressure, angina, and a number of conditions involving an abnormally fast heart rate.[4] It is also used to prevent further heart problems after myocardial infarction and to prevent headaches in those with migraines.[4] It is a selective β1 receptor blocker medication.[4] It is taken by mouth or is given intravenously.[4]
Common side effects include trouble sleeping, feeling tired, feeling faint, and abdominal discomfort.[4] Large doses may cause serious toxicity.[5][6] Risk in pregnancy has not been ruled out.[4][7] It appears to be safe in breastfeeding.[8] The metabolism of metoprolol can vary widely among patients, often as a result of hepatic impairment[9] or CYP2D6 polymorphism.[10]
Metoprolol was first made in 1969, patented in 1970, and approved for medical use in 1978.[11][12][13] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[14] It is available as a generic medication.[4] In 2021, it was the sixth most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 65million prescriptions.[15][16]
^"Lopressor Product information". Health Canada. 22 October 2009. Retrieved 20 June 2023.
^"Metolar 25/50 (metoprolol tartrate) tablet" (PDF). U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 5 May 2015.
^Jasek W, ed. (2007). Austria-Codex (in German) (62nd ed.). Vienna: Österreichischer Apothekerverlag. pp. 916–919. ISBN 978-3852001814.
^ abcdefg"Metoprolol". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 12 March 2014. Retrieved 21 April 2014.
^Pillay VV (2012). "Diuretics, Antihypertensives, and Antiarrhythmics". Modern Medical Toxicology. Jaypee Brothers Publishers. p. 303. ISBN 978-9350259658. Archived from the original on 7 July 2017.
^Marx JA (2014). "Chapter 152: Cardiovascular Drugs". Rosen's emergency medicine : concepts and clinical practice (8th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier/Saunders. ISBN 978-1455706051.
^"Prescribing medicines in pregnancy database". Australian Government. 3 March 2014. Archived from the original on 8 April 2014. Retrieved 22 April 2014.
^Medical Toxicology. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2004. p. 684. ISBN 978-0781728454. Archived from the original on 7 July 2017.
^Regårdh CG, Jordö L, Ervik M, Lundborg P, Olsson R, Rönn O (1981). "Pharmacokinetics of metoprolol in patients with hepatic cirrhosis". Clinical Pharmacokinetics. 6 (5): 375–388. doi:10.2165/00003088-198106050-00004. PMID 7333059. S2CID 1042204.
^Blake CM, Kharasch ED, Schwab M, Nagele P (September 2013). "A meta-analysis of CYP2D6 metabolizer phenotype and metoprolol pharmacokinetics". Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 94 (3): 394–9. doi:10.1038/clpt.2013.96. PMC 3818912. PMID 23665868.
^Cite error: The named reference Lopressor: FDA-Approved Drugs was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Carlsson B, ed. (1997). Technological systems and industrial dynamics. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic. p. 106. ISBN 978-0792399728. Archived from the original on 3 March 2017.
^Fischer J, Ganellin CR (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 461. ISBN 978-3527607495.
^World Health Organization (2021). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 22nd list (2021). Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/345533. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2021.02.
^"The Top 300 of 2021". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 15 January 2024. Retrieved 14 January 2024.
^"Metoprolol – Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Retrieved 14 January 2024.
Metoprolol, sold under the brand name Lopressor among others, is a medication used to treat high blood pressure, angina, and a number of conditions involving...
morbidity and mortality. Bisoprolol, carvedilol, and sustained-release metoprolol are specifically indicated as adjuncts to standard ACE inhibitor and diuretic...
Minax may refer to: Minax, a brand name of the cardiovascular drug metoprolol Minax (Ultima), the Ultima game character Austracantha minax, an Australian...
injectable solution, 3.5% is considered an alternative Carvedilol and metoprolol are alternatives Alternatives are 4th level ATC chemical subgroup (C08CA...
inotropic effect rather than a chronotropic effect. Beta blockers such as metoprolol Acetylcholine Digoxin Pacemaker current (i.e. HCN channel) inhibitors...
sports. Examples beta blockers are atenolol, metoprolol, nadolol, pindolol, propranolol, and timolol. Metoprolol is used to treat angina (chest pain) and...
Plus or Nebilet HCT (with nebivolol), Dutoprol or Lopressor HCT (with metoprolol), etc. Direct renin inhibitors – e.g. Co-Rasilez or Tekturna HCT (with...
avoided. When a beta-blocker is required, atenolol, pindolol and, possibly, metoprolol may be safer choices than propranolol, as the latter's metabolism is seriously...
and permeability: Class I - high permeability, high solubility Example: metoprolol, paracetamol Those compounds are well absorbed and their absorption rate...
Flecainide Propafenone Type II (beta blockers) Bisoprolol Carvedilol Metoprolol Propranolol Type III (potassium channel blockers) Amiodarone Dofetilide...
Raynaud's phenomenon. Treatment typically involves beta-blockers, such as metoprolol, however beta blockers can make coronary spasms worse. Microvascular angina...
the short term, certain beta blockers (e.g. carvedilol, bisoprolol and metoprolol) have been believed to reduce long-term morbidity and mortality in congestive...
Beta blockers with lipophilic properties and CNS penetration such as metoprolol and labetalol may be useful for treating CNS and cardiovascular toxicity...
aspirin does not affect the risk of death. Beta blocker therapy such as metoprolol or carvedilol is recommended to be started within 24 hours, provided there...
"Prevention of Syncope (POST): a randomized, placebo-controlled study of metoprolol in the prevention of vasovagal syncope". Circulation. 113 (9): 1164–70...
cardiovascular complications, where one would generally avoid β-blockers (e.g. metoprolol), as they can cause unopposed α-adrenergic mediated coronary vasoconstriction...
AV node. Class II agents include atenolol, esmolol, propranolol, and metoprolol. Class III agents predominantly block the potassium channels, thereby...
mechanisms in essential tremor; a double-blind placebo controlled trial of metoprolol, sotalol and atenolol". Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry...
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