Proteins that are part of, or interact with, biological membranes
Membrane protein complexes of photosynthesis in the thylakoid membrane
Membrane proteins are common proteins that are part of, or interact with, biological membranes. Membrane proteins fall into several broad categories depending on their location. Integral membrane proteins are a permanent part of a cell membrane and can either penetrate the membrane (transmembrane) or associate with one or the other side of a membrane (integral monotopic). Peripheral membrane proteins are transiently associated with the cell membrane.
Membrane proteins are common, and medically important—about a third of all human proteins are membrane proteins, and these are targets for more than half of all drugs.[1] Nonetheless, compared to other classes of proteins, determining membrane protein structures remains a challenge in large part due to the difficulty in establishing experimental conditions that can preserve the correct (native) conformation of the protein in isolation from its native environment.
^Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL (December 2006). "How many drug targets are there?". Nature Reviews. Drug Discovery (Opinion). 5 (12): 993–6. doi:10.1038/nrd2199. PMID 17139284. S2CID 11979420.
Membraneproteins are common proteins that are part of, or interact with, biological membranes. Membraneproteins fall into several broad categories depending...
appropriate membrane fluidity at various temperatures. The membrane also contains membraneproteins, including integral proteins that span the membrane and serve...
intrinsic, membraneprotein (IMP) is a type of membraneprotein that is permanently attached to the biological membrane. All transmembrane proteins can be...
A membrane transport protein (or simply transporter) is a membraneprotein involved in the movement of ions, small molecules, and macromolecules, such...
Biological membranes, in the form of eukaryotic cell membranes, consist of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded, integral and peripheral proteins used in...
transmembrane protein is a type of integral membraneprotein that spans the entirety of the cell membrane. Many transmembrane proteins function as gateways...
particular, globular proteins are comparatively easy to crystallize in preparation for X-ray crystallography. Membraneproteins and large protein complexes, by...
Membrane fusion proteins (not to be confused with chimeric or fusion proteins) are proteins that cause fusion of biological membranes. Membrane fusion...
peripheral membraneproteins, as well as lumenal proteins. Recent proteomics studies of thylakoid fractions have provided further details on the protein composition...
outside the cell. Proteins can be targeted to the inner space of an organelle, different intracellular membranes, the plasma membrane, or to the exterior...
membraneproteins that are specifically virulence-related. Outer membraneproteins consist of two major classes of protein - transmembrane proteins and...
regulate salt concentrations and pH by transporting ions across their membranes using proteins called ion pumps. Biological bilayers are usually composed of amphiphilic...
Grendel, and Davson and Danielli, that it was deduced that membranes have lipids, proteins, and a bilayer. The advent of the electron microscope, the...
Heterotrimeric G proteins located within the cell are activated by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that span the cell membrane. Signaling molecules...
The membrane (M) protein (previously called E1, sometimes also matrix protein) is an integral membraneprotein that is the most abundant of the four major...
capsids, complex of GroEL and GroES; membraneprotein complexes: porosome, photosystem I, ATP synthase large DNA and protein complexes: nucleosome centriole...
a protein-to-phospholipid ratio similar to that of the cell membrane (about 1:1 by weight). It contains large numbers of integral membraneproteins called...
numbers in plants. The primary role of SNARE proteins is to mediate the fusion of vesicles with the target membrane; this notably mediates exocytosis, but can...
proteins. The membrane fusion event that triggers viral entrance is caused by the viral fusion protein. Many enveloped viruses only have one protein visible...
transport regulated by proteins embedded in the membrane. A phospholipid bilayer is an example of a biological semipermeable membrane. It consists of two...
across a biological membrane. Carrier proteins are integral membraneproteins; that is, they exist within and span the membrane across which they transport...
often glycosylated. Glycoproteins are also often important integral membraneproteins, where they play a role in cell–cell interactions. It is important...
synthetized and exported outer membraneproteins into the outer membrane TP0965 is a protein that is critical for membrane fusion in T. pallidum, and is...
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