Lt. Gen. Ma Hongkui as pictured in The Most Recent Biographies of Chinese Dignitaries
Governor of Ningxia
In office 13 June 1931 – 23 September 1949
Preceded by
Ji Hongchang
Succeeded by
Position abolished
Governor of Gansu
In office 3 August 1949 – 2 December 1949
Preceded by
Guo Jiqiao (Kuo Ch'i-ch'iao)
Succeeded by
Wang Zhiqi
Personal details
Born
March 14, 1892 Linxia County, Gansu, Qing Empire
Died
January 14, 1970 (aged 77) Los Angeles, California, United States
Nationality
Hui
Political party
Kuomintang
Spouse
5 wives
Children
Ma Dunhou (Ma Tung-hou) Ma Dunjing (1910–2003) Ma Dunren
Alma mater
Lanzhou Military Academy
Awards
Order of the Sacred Tripod
Nickname
King of Ningxia
Military service
Allegiance
Qing dynasty Republic of China
Years of service
1910–1949
Rank
Lieutenant General
Unit
Ma clique
Commands
Chairman of Ningxia Province, Commander in Chief of the 17th Army Group
Battles/wars
Second Zhili–Fengtian War, Central Plains War, War in Ningxia (1934), Long March, Second Sino-Japanese War, Chinese Civil War
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In this Chinese name, the family name is Ma.
Ma Hongkui (traditional Chinese: 馬鴻逵; simplified Chinese: 马鸿逵; pinyin: Mǎ Hóngkuí; Wade–Giles: Ma Hung-k'uei,
Xiao'erjing: مَا خٌکُوِ; March 14, 1892 – January 14, 1970) was a prominent Muslim warlord in China during the Republic of China era, ruling the province of Ningxia.[1] His rank was lieutenant general.[2] His courtesy name was Shao-yun (少雲).[3][4] In 1950, Hongkui migrated to the United States, where he lived until he died in 1970.
He was considered by some sources to be among China's best generals.[5][6]
^American Asiatic Association (1940). Asia: journal of the American Asiatic Association, Volume 40. Asia Pub. Co. p. 660. Retrieved May 8, 2011.
^Paul Preston; Michael Partridge; Antony Best (2000). British documents on foreign affairs: reports and papers from the Foreign Office confidential print. From 1946 through 1950. Asia, Volume 1. University Publications of America. p. 37. ISBN 978-1-55655-768-2. Retrieved June 28, 2010.
^Henry George Wandesforde Woodhead (1933). Henry Thurburn Montague Bell (ed.). The China year book. North China Daily News & Herald. p. 450. Retrieved June 6, 2011.
^The China year book ... Brentano's. 1933. p. 450. Retrieved June 6, 2011.
^Cite error: The named reference Kenneth Hugh De Courcy, Imperial Policy Group Great Britain 1948 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Khwajah Kamal al-Dinl (1949). The Islamic review, Volume 37. p. 46. Retrieved June 28, 2010.
members of the clique were Ma Bufang, MaHongkui, and Ma Hongbin, collectively known as the Xibei San Ma (Chinese: 西北三馬, Three Ma of the Northwest). Some...
1960. Ma Hongbin's father was Ma Fulu, and his cousin was MaHongkui. His uncles were Ma Fuxiang, Ma Fushou, and Ma Fucai. His grandfather was Ma Qianling...
inscription was written at Mount Tai by Ma Fuxiang. Ma Fuxiang's father was Ma Qianling. Ma's son MaHongkui became a general in the National Revolutionary...
Muslim General MaHongkui was furious at this. MaHongkui sent a telegram to Li to submit his resignation from all positions he held. MaHongkui then fled...
Ma Fucai, Ma Fulu, Ma Fushou, and Ma Fuxiang. His grandsons were Ma Hongbin and MaHongkui. He had three wives, one was a Muslim convert. His sons Ma...
with the help of Ma Zhongying's remnant force in Gansu, and MaHongkui's and Ma Hongbin's force from Ningxia, Ma Bufang and his brother Ma Buqing played...
Muslim General MaHongkui was furious at this. Hu also did not honor promises to MaHongkui and the other Muslim Ma Clique Generals. MaHongkui sent a telegram...
Japanese asked the Muslim General MaHongkui to defect and become head of a Muslim puppet state under the Japanese, Ma responded through Zhou Baihuang,...
controlled by Muslim Gen. MaHongkui were reported by Western observers to be tough and disciplined. Despite having diabetes MaHongkui personally drilled with...
Zhongying Ma Fuxiang MaHongkuiMa Dunjing Ma Hongbin Ma Dunjing (1906-1972) Ma Lin Ma Qi Ma Hu-shan Ma Zhan'ao Ma Qianling Ma Fushou Ma Fulu Ma Anliang Ma Guoliang...
Qinghai-Xining Ma Bufang Residence. Kuomintang Photo Photo Photo MaHongkuiMa Jiyuan Archived 2011-07-07 at the Wayback Machine "The Mansion of Ma Bufang Scenic...
province. Between 1914 and 1928, the Ma clique ruled the provinces of Qinghai, Ningxia and Gansu; General MaHongkui was the military governor of Ningxia...
Ma" originated in the Kansu Braves militia formed during the Dungan revolt. All Ma Clique Generals were Hui Chinese Muslim Kuomintang members. The Ma...
to Ramadan's end in 1935, MaHongkui arranged for Chinese New Year celebrations. Hu Songshan pronounced kufr upon MaHongkui for this, while delivering...
April. Muslim Generals MaHongkui and Ma Hongbin defended west Suiyuan, particularly Wuyuan in 1940 against the Japanese. Ma Hongbin commanded the 81st...
members Ma Qi, Ma Lin (warlord), and Ma Bufang served as military governors of Qinghai, Ma Hongbin served as military governor of Gansu, and MaHongkui served...
Zhenzong, were excavated and came into the hands of the Kuomintang general MaHongkui, who refused to publicise the findings. Among the artefacts were a white...
(Haiting). Ma Fuchu brought an Arabic Qasidat (Gesuide jizhu 格随德集注) poem to China. Hui Muslim Generals like Ma Fuxiang, MaHongkui, and Ma Bufang funded...
Muslims. Muslim Generals MaHongkui and Ma Hongbin defended west Suiyuan, especially Wuyuan in 1940 against the Japanese. Ma Hongbin commanded the Muslim...
of the Northwest Army, influential Muslim leaders including Ma Tingrang, Ma Zhongying and Ma Fuxiang broke off relations with Feng Yuxiang in 1928. Forces...
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Qing dynasty
Republic of China