For the training group of Chinese track athletes, see Ma Junren.
Hui Chinese Muslim political faction in the Warlord Era
Ma clique
馬家軍
Active
1862–1949
Country
China
Allegiance
Qing dynasty Beiyang government Nationalist government (1927–1949)
Branch
National Revolutionary Army (after 1928)
Engagements
First Dungan revolt Second Dungan revolt First Sino-Japanese War Xinhai Revolution Bai Lang Rebellion Muslim conflict in Gansu Sino-Tibetan War Xinjiang Wars Chinese Civil War Second Sino-Japanese War
Commanders
Governor of Gansu (1911–1918)
Ma Anliang
Governor of Qinghai (1915–1928) and Chairman of Qinghai (1929–1931)
Ma Qi
Governor of Ningxia (1921–1928; 1948–1949) and Governor of Gansu (1930–1931)
Ma Hongbin
Governor of Qinghai (1931–1938)
Ma Lin
Governor of Qinghai (1938–1949)
Ma Bufang
Governor of Ningxia (1931–1948)
Ma Hongkui
Tao-yins of Kashgar
Ma Fuxing and Ma Shaowu
Commander of the New 36th Division
Ma Zhongying
Commander of the New 36th Division
Ma Hushan
Military unit
Ma clique
Traditional Chinese
馬家軍(閥)
Simplified Chinese
马家军(阀)
Literal meaning
Ma Family Army Ma Family Military Clique
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin
Mǎ Jiā Jūn(fá)
other Mandarin
Xiao'erjing
ﻣَﺎ ﮐﯿَا کٌ ﻓَﺎ
The Ma clique or Ma family warlords[1] is a collective name for a group of Hui (Muslim Chinese) warlords in Northwestern China who ruled the Chinese provinces of Qinghai, Gansu and Ningxia for 10 years from 1919 until 1928. Following the collapse of the Qing dynasty in 1912, the region came under Chinese Muslim warlord Ma Qi's control until the Northern Expedition by the Republic of China consolidated central control in 1928. There were three families in the Ma clique ("Ma" being a common Hui rendering of the common Muslim name "Muhammad"), each of them respectively controlled, parts of Gansu, Ningxia and Qinghai. The three most prominent members of the clique were Ma Bufang, Ma Hongkui, and Ma Hongbin, collectively known as the Xibei San Ma (Chinese: 西北三馬, Three Ma of the Northwest). Some contemporary accounts, such as Edgar Snow's, described the clique as the "Four Ma" (rather than Three), adding Ma Bufang's brother Ma Buqing to the list of the top warlords.[2] Other prominent Ma's included Ma Anliang, Ma Qi, Ma Lin, Ma Hu-shan, and Ma Zhongying.
^Lipman, Jonathan Neaman (1998). Familiar strangers: a history of Muslims in Northwest China. Hong Kong University Press. p. 258 (the main index entry for "Ma family warlords"). ISBN 962-209-468-6.
^Edgar Snow, Red Star Over China. Chapter 4, "Moslem and Marxist". Numerous editions.
The Maclique or Ma family warlords is a collective name for a group of Hui (Muslim Chinese) warlords in Northwestern China who ruled the Chinese provinces...
Ma" originated in the Kansu Braves militia formed during the Dungan revolt. All MaClique Generals were Hui Chinese Muslim Kuomintang members. The Ma...
upheavals experienced in the rest of China. Ma Fuxing and Ma Shaowu, both of them Hui Chinese, were members of the clique. They held military and political positions...
Ma, a type of interface in an IP Multimedia Subsystem Ford MA, a 2002 concept car Nissan MA engine, an automotive engine introduced in 1982 Maclique...
prominent Muslim Maclique warlord in China during the Republic of China era, ruling the province of Qinghai. His rank was lieutenant-general. Ma Bufang and...
The Hui Maclique under Generals Ma Qi and Ma Bufang launched several attacks against Labrang as part of a general anti-Golok Tibetan campaign. Ma Qi occupied...
Hui Muslim General Ma Fuxiang created an assimilationist group and encouraged the integration of Muslims into Chinese society. Ma Fuxiang was a hardcore...
(Chinese Muslim) warlord and the brother-in-law and follower of Ma Zhongying, a Dungan/Hui MaClique warlord. He ruled over an area of Southern Xinjiang, nicknamed...
and Blue Sky with a White Sun flags. It also includes many portraits of MaClique warlords. Construction initiated in June 1942 and finished in June 1943...
reform by MaClique warlords and Bai Chongxi. Some texts were translated from Arabic. A new edition of a book by Ma Te-hsin, called Ho-yin Ma Fu-ch'u hsien-sheng...
in northwest China, Ma Fuxiang originally served under Dong Fuxiang, like other MaClique Muslim warlords such as Ma Anliang. Ma was born in Linxia, Gansu...
attempted to strengthen the Nationalist government and to weaken the Maclique by ordering the unreliable National Revolutionary Army general Sun Dianying...
member of the MaClique. He was related to the Ma family clique. He served for many years in Qinghai in the National Revolutionary Army. Ma fought against...
Republican era, and was part of the Maclique. He was the acting Chairman of Gansu and Ningxia Provinces for a short period. Ma was born in the village of Hanchiachi...
China, and until 1949 was ruled by Chinese Muslim warlords known as the Maclique. The Chinese name "Qinghai" is after Qinghai Lake, the largest lake in...
renamed as NRA divisions. The entire MaClique armies were absorbed into the NRA. When the Muslim MaClique General Ma Qi joined the KMT, the Ninghai Army...
prominent Maclique warlord in China during the Republic of China era, controlling armies in the province of Qinghai. Ma Buqing and his younger brother Ma Bufang...
Ma Jiyuan (Xiao'erjing: مَا ڭِیُوًا, January 18, 1921 – February 27, 2012) was a Maclique warlord in China during the Republic of China era, ruling...
occupied intermittently by the Hui Muslim warlords of the Maclique. In 1928, the MaClique joined the Kuomintang (Chinese Nationalist Party), and during...
1924 Yang intercepted some correspondence between Ma and the Zhili clique and became suspicious. Ma Fuxing was appointed as the commander of 2,000 Hui...
domain in the United States. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ma Anliang. Wikiquote has quotations related to Ma Anliang. MaClique (in Chinese)...
Ma Shaowu (1874–1937; Xiao'erjing: ﻣَﺎ ﺷَﻮْ ءُ) was a Hui born in Yunnan, in Qing Dynasty China. He was a member of the Xinjiang clique during the Republic...
In computer science, the clique problem is the computational problem of finding cliques (subsets of vertices, all adjacent to each other, also called complete...
Nanjing, but it never came. Maclique Xinjiang Wars Schlyter, Bellér-Hann & Sugawara 2016, p. 193: "The territories under [Ma Hushan's] rule were called...
Global Information
Qing dynasty 
Beiyang government 
Nationalist government (1927–1949)