"Níngxià" in Simplified (top) and Traditional (bottom) Chinese characters
Simplified Chinese
宁夏
Traditional Chinese
寧夏
Xiao'erjing
نِئٍثِيَا
Hanyu Pinyin
Níngxià
Postal
Ningsia
Literal meaning
"Pacified Xià"
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin
Níngxià
Bopomofo
ㄋㄧㄥˊ ㄒㄧㄚˋ
Gwoyeu Romatzyh
Ningshiah
Wade–Giles
Ning2-hsia4
Yale Romanization
Níngsyà
IPA
[nǐŋ.ɕjâ]
other Mandarin
Xiao'erjing
نِئٍثِيَا
Dungan
Нинщя
Wu
Suzhounese
Nyín-ghô
Hakka
Romanization
Nèn-ha
Yue: Cantonese
Yale Romanization
Nìhnghah
Jyutping
Ning4haa6
IPA
[neŋ˩.haː˨]
Southern Min
Hokkien POJ
Lêng-hā
Teochew Peng'im
Lêng-hiā
Eastern Min
Fuzhou BUC
Nìng-hâ
Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region
Simplified Chinese
宁夏回族自治区
Traditional Chinese
寧夏回族自治區
Xiao'erjing
نِئٍثِيَا خُوِزُو زِجِٿِيُوِ
Hanyu Pinyin
Níngxià Huízú Zìzhìqū
Postal
Ningsia Hui Autonomous Region
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin
Níngxià Huízú Zìzhìqū
Bopomofo
ㄋㄧㄥˊ ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄏㄨㄟˊ ㄗㄨˊ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄑㄩ
Gwoyeu Romatzyh
Ningshiah Hweitzwu Tzyhjyhchiu
Wade–Giles
Ning2-hsia4 Hui2-tsu2 Tzŭ4-chih4-chʻü1
Yale Romanization
Níngsyà Hwéidzú Dz̀jr̀chyū
IPA
[nǐŋ.ɕjâ xwěɪ.tsǔ tsɹ̩̂.ʈʂɻ̩̂.tɕʰý]
other Mandarin
Xiao'erjing
نِئٍثِيَا خُوِزُو زِجِٿِيُوِ
Dungan
Нинщя Хуэйзў Зыҗычў
Wu
Romanization
nyin平ya去 we平zoh入 zy去zy去chiu平
Hakka
Romanization
Nèn-ha Fui-tshu̍k Tshṳ-tshṳ-khî
Yue: Cantonese
Yale Romanization
Nìhnghah Wùihjuhk Jihjihkēui
Jyutping
Ning4haa6 Wui4zuk6 Zi6zi6keoi1
IPA
[neŋ˩.haː˨ wuːi˩.tsok̚˨ tsiː˨.tsiː˨.kʰɵy˥]
Southern Min
Hokkien POJ
Lêng-hā Hôe-cho̍k Chū-tī-khu
Teochew Peng'im
Lêng-hiā Huê-tsôk Tsĕu-tī-khu
Eastern Min
Fuzhou BUC
Nìng-hâ Huòi-cŭk Cê̤ṳ-dê-kṳ̆
Ningxia,[a] officially the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, is an autonomous region in Northwestern China.
Formerly a province, Ningxia was incorporated into Gansu in 1954 but was later separated from Gansu in 1958 and reconstituted as an autonomous region for the Hui people, one of the 56 officially recognised nationalities of China. Twenty percent of China's Hui population lives in Ningxia.[7]
Ningxia is bounded by Shaanxi to the east, Gansu to the south and west and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region to the north and has an area of around 66,400 square kilometres (25,600 sq mi).[1] This sparsely settled, mostly desert region lies partially on the Loess Plateau and in the vast plain of the Yellow River and features the Great Wall of China along its northeastern boundary. Over about 2000 years, an extensive system of canals (with a total length of approximately 1397 kilometers)[8] has been built from Qin dynasty. Extensive land reclamation and irrigation projects have made increased cultivation possible. The arid region of Xihaigu, which covers large parts of the province, suffers from severe water shortage, which the canals were intended to alleviate.[9]
Ningxia was the core area of the Western Xia in the 11th–13th centuries, established by the Tangut people; its name, "Peaceful Xia", derived from the Mongol conquest of the state.[10] The Tanguts made significant achievements in literature, art, music, and architecture, particularly invented Tangut script. Long one of the country's poorest areas, a small winemaking industry has become economically important since the 1980s. Before the arrival of viticulture, Ningxia's 6.8 million people, 36 per cent of whom are Muslims from the Hui ethnic group, relied largely on animal grazing, subsistence agriculture and the cultivation of wolfberries used in traditional Chinese medicine. Since then, winemaking has become the premier specialty of Ningxia, and the province devotes almost 40,000 hectares to vineyards and producing 120 million bottles of wine in 2017 – a quarter of the entire nation's production.[11]
^ ab"Administrative Divisions (2013)". Ningxia Statistical Yearbook 2014. Statistical Bureau of Ningxia. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 19 December 2015.
^"Communiqué of the Seventh National Population Census (No. 3)". National Bureau of Statistics of China. 11 May 2021. Retrieved 11 May 2021.
^GDP-2020 is a preliminary data "Home – Regional – Quarterly by Province" (Press release). China National Bureau of Statistics. 1 March 2021. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
^United Nations Development Programme; China Institute for Development Planning at Tsinghua University; State Information Center (2019). China National Human Development Report Special Edition—In Pursuit of a More Sustainable Future for All: China's Historic Transformation over Four Decades of Human Development (PDF) (Report). Beijing: China Translation Publishing House. ISBN 978-7-5001-6138-7.
^"Ningxia". Lexico UK English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 18 May 2021.
^"By Choosing Assimilation, China's Hui Have Become One of the World's Most Successful Muslim Minorities". The Economist. 8 October 2016. Retrieved 8 October 2016.
^"Níngxià huízú zìzhìqū zīyuán gàikuàng" 宁夏回族自治区资源概况 [Overview of Resources in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region]. Zhōngguó wǎng (in Chinese). 17 December 2009. Archived from the original on 4 August 2020. Retrieved 2 October 2018.
^In China's Ningxia province, water shortage is so severe that the government is relocating people
^Cite error: The named reference britannica was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Tobin, Meaghan (12 May 2019). "Can China Become the Wine World's Next California?". South China Morning Post.
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).
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