Three Principles of the People Anti-communism Anti-Imperialism
Allies
Soviet Union (before 1927) United States United Kingdom
Opponents
Chinese Red Army (after 1928)
Empire of Japan Manchukuo
Mengjiang
Wang Jingwei regime
Military unit
National Revolutionary Army
Traditional Chinese
國民革命軍
Simplified Chinese
国民革命军
Hanyu Pinyin
Guómín Gémìng Jūn
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin
Guómín Gémìng Jūn
Bopomofo
ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄍㄜˊ ㄇㄧㄥˋ ㄐㄩㄣ
Wade–Giles
Kuo2-min2 Ko2-ming4 Chün1
Tongyong Pinyin
Guó-mín Gé-mìng Jyun
IPA
[kwǒ.mǐn kɤ̌.mîŋ tɕýn]
The National Revolutionary Army (NRA; 國民革命軍), sometimes shortened to Revolutionary Army (革命軍) before 1928, and as National Army (國軍) after 1928, was the military arm of the Kuomintang (KMT, or the Chinese Nationalist Party) from 1925 until 1947 in China. It also became the regular army of the Republican era during the KMT's period of party rule beginning in 1928. It was renamed the Republic of China Armed Forces after the 1947 Constitution, which instituted civilian control of the military.
Originally organized with Soviet aid as a means for the KMT to unify China during the Warlord Era, the National Revolutionary Army fought major engagements in the Northern Expedition against the Chinese Beiyang Army warlords, in the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945) against the Imperial Japanese Army and in the Chinese Civil War against the People's Liberation Army.
During the Second Sino-Japanese War, the armed forces of the Chinese Communist Party were nominally incorporated into the National Revolutionary Army (while retaining separate commands), but broke away to form the People's Liberation Army shortly after the end of the war. With the promulgation of the Constitution of the Republic of China in 1947 and the formal end of the KMT party-state, the National Revolutionary Army was renamed the Republic of China Armed Forces, with the bulk of its forces forming the Republic of China Army, which retreated to the island of Taiwan in 1949.
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