Lithium toxicity, also known as lithium overdose, is the condition of having too much lithium. Symptoms may include a tremor, increased reflexes, trouble walking, kidney problems, and an altered level of consciousness. Some symptoms may last for a year after levels return to normal. Complications may include serotonin syndrome.[1]
Lithium toxicity can occur due to excessive intake or decreased excretion.[1] Excessive intake may be either a suicide attempt or accidental.[1] Decreased excretion may occur as a result of dehydration such as from vomiting or diarrhea, a low sodium diet, or from kidney problems.[1] The diagnosis is generally based on symptoms and supported by a lithium level in blood serum of greater than 1.2 mEq/L.[1][2]
Gastric lavage and whole bowel irrigation may be useful if done early.[1] Activated charcoal is not effective.[1] For severe toxicity hemodialysis is recommended.[1] The risk of death is generally low.[3] Acute toxicity generally has better outcomes than chronic toxicity.[4] In the United States about 5,000 cases are reported to poison control centers a year.[2] Lithium toxicity was first described in 1898.[1]
^ abcdefghijklmnopHedya, Shireen A.; Avula, Akshay; Swoboda, Henry D. (2019). "Lithium Toxicity". StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. PMID 29763168. Retrieved 22 December 2019.
^ abc"Lithium Toxicity | California Poison Control System | UCSF". calpoison.org. Retrieved 22 December 2019.
Lithiumtoxicity, also known as lithium overdose, is the condition of having too much lithium. Symptoms may include a tremor, increased reflexes, trouble...
mild, acute lithiumtoxicity after taking an overdose (2.16 grams) of a lithium orotate supplement. She was discharged after treatment. Lithium blood levels...
Metal toxicity or metal poisoning is the toxic effect of certain metals in certain forms and doses on life. Some metals are toxic when they form poisonous...
such as the patient's serum lithium concentrations, which must be closely monitored by a physician to avoid lithiumtoxicity and potential kidney damage...
of lithium also include tremor and weight gain. Toxicity of lithium induced by overdose may be solved by hemodialysis, which removes excess lithium from...
The lithium iron phosphate battery (LiFePO 4 battery) or LFP battery (lithium ferrophosphate) is a type of lithium-ion battery using lithium iron phosphate...
although how lithium produces these pharmacological effects is not understood. Even the exact mechanisms involved in lithiumtoxicity are not fully understood...
however, noted by J. H. Talbott that many symptoms attributed to lithium chloride toxicity may have also been attributable to sodium chloride deficiency...
ketoacidosis, adrenal insufficiency, hypothyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, and lithium intoxication. For a detailed description of magnesium homeostasis and metabolism...
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epoxides and aziridines. Lithium iodide was used as a radiocontrast agent for CT scans. Its use was discontinued due to renal toxicity. Inorganic iodine solutions...
Lochry E. A.; Christian M. S. (1990). "Developmental toxicity study of orally administered lithium hypochlorite in rats". Journal of the American College...
duct (decreased surface expression and transcription). It is seen in lithiumtoxicity, hypercalcemia, hypokalemia, or the release of ureteral obstruction...
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copper level in the blood) can lead to copper toxicity if it persists and rises high enough. Chronic toxicity by copper is rare. The suggested safe level...
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features of NMS differ significantly from those of serotonin toxicity. Serotonin toxicity has a rapid onset after the administration of a serotonergic...
Vinck B, Van Der Straeten C, Wuyts F, Maes L (15 July 2017). "Cobalt toxicity in humans—A review of the potential sources and systemic health effects"...
inhibitors. ACE inhibitors can inhibit the excretion of lithium and can result in lithiumtoxicity. Because these drugs do not affect the breakdown of kinins...
from toxicity occurs 4 to 18 days later. Paracetamol poisoning can occur accidentally or as an attempt to die by suicide. Risk factors for toxicity include...
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