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Lithium hydride information


Lithium hydride
Space-filling model of part of the crystal structure of lithium hydride
  Lithium cation, Li+
  Hydrogen anion, H−

__H− __Li+
Structure of lithium hydride.
Space-filling model of the lithium hydride molecule
Identifiers
CAS Number
  • 7580-67-8 checkY
3D model (JSmol)
  • Interactive image
ChemSpider
  • 56460 checkY
ECHA InfoCard 100.028.623 Edit this at Wikidata
PubChem CID
  • 62714
RTECS number
  • OJ6300000
UNII
  • 68KF447EX3 checkY
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
  • DTXSID80893078 Edit this at Wikidata
InChI
  • InChI=1S/Li.Hssss ☒N
    Key: SIAPCJWMELPYOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N ☒N
  • InChI=1/Li.H/q+1;-1
    Key: SRTHRWZAMDZJOS-UHFFFAOYAZ
SMILES
  • [H-].[Li+]
Properties
Chemical formula
 LiH
Molar mass 7.95 g·mol−1
Appearance colorless to gray solid[1]
Density 0.78 g/cm3[1]
Melting point 688.7 °C (1,271.7 °F; 961.9 K)[1]
Boiling point 900–1,000 °C (1,650–1,830 °F; 1,170–1,270 K) (decomposes)[2]
Solubility in water
 reacts
Solubility slightly soluble in dimethylformamide
reacts with ammonia, diethyl ether, ethanol
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)
 −4.6·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)
 1.9847[3]: 43 
Structure
Crystal structure
 fcc (NaCl-type)
Lattice constant
a = 0.40834 nm[3]: 56 
Dipole moment
 6.0 D[3]: 35 
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C)
 3.51 J/(g·K)
Std molar
entropy (S⦵298)
 170.8 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH⦵298)
 −90.65 kJ/mol
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG⦵)
 −68.48 kJ/mol
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
 extremely strong irritant, highly toxic, highly corrosive
GHS labelling:
Pictograms
 GHS02: FlammableGHS05: CorrosiveGHS06: Toxic
Signal word
 Danger
Hazard statements
 H260, H301, H314
Precautionary statements
 P223, P231+P232, P260, P264, P270, P280, P301+P316, P301+P330+P331, P302+P335+P334, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P321, P330, P363, P370+P378, P402+P404, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g. chlorine gasFlammability 2: Must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high ambient temperature before ignition can occur. Flash point between 38 and 93 °C (100 and 200 °F). E.g. diesel fuelInstability 2: Undergoes violent chemical change at elevated temperatures and pressures, reacts violently with water, or may form explosive mixtures with water. E.g. white phosphorusSpecial hazard W: Reacts with water in an unusual or dangerous manner. E.g. sodium, sulfuric acid
3
2
2
W
Autoignition
temperature
 200 °C (392 °F; 473 K)
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)
 77.5 mg/kg (oral, rat)[5]
LC50 (median concentration)
 22 mg/m3 (rat, 4 h)[6]
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 TWA 0.025 mg/m3[4]
REL (Recommended)
 TWA 0.025 mg/m3[4]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
 0.5 mg/m3[4]
Safety data sheet (SDS) ICSC 0813
Related compounds
Other cations
 Sodium hydride
Potassium hydride
Rubidium hydride
Caesium hydride
Related compounds
 Lithium borohydride
Lithium aluminium hydride
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
☒N verify (what is checkY☒N ?)
Infobox references

Lithium hydride is an inorganic compound with the formula LiH. This alkali metal hydride is a colorless solid, although commercial samples are grey. Characteristic of a salt-like (ionic) hydride, it has a high melting point, and it is not soluble but reactive with all protic organic solvents. It is soluble and nonreactive with certain molten salts such as lithium fluoride, lithium borohydride, and sodium hydride. With a molar mass of 7.95 g/mol, it is the lightest ionic compound.

  1. ^ a b c Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. p. 4.70. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.
  2. ^ David Arthur Johnson; Open University (12 August 2002). Metals and chemical change. Royal Society of Chemistry. pp. 167–. ISBN 978-0-85404-665-2. Retrieved 1 November 2011.
  3. ^ a b c Smith, R. L.; Miser, J. W. (1963). Compilation of the properties of lithium hydride. NASA.
  4. ^ a b c NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0371". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  5. ^ Chambers, Michael. "ChemIDplus - 7580-67-8 - SIAPCJWMELPYOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N - Lithium hydride - Similar structures search, synonyms, formulas, resource links, and other chemical information". chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 10 April 2018.
  6. ^ "Lithium hydride". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).

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the electrolysis of molten lithium hydride (LiH), producing a stoichiometric quantity of hydrogen at the anode. For hydrides other than group 1 and 2 metals...

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