Kidney failure, high blood calcium, high blood potassium, hypoparathyroidism, hypothyroidism, lithium toxicity, red blood cell breakdown, rhabdomyolysis[4]
Treatment
Calcium chloride, intravenous normal saline with furosemide, hemodialysis[1]
Frequency
Uncommon[3]
Hypermagnesemia is an electrolyte disorder in which there is a high level of magnesium in the blood.[3] Symptoms include weakness, confusion, decreased breathing rate, and decreased reflexes.[1][3] Complications may include low blood pressure and cardiac arrest.[1][5]
It is typically caused by kidney failure or is treatment-induced such as from antacids that contain magnesium.[1][6] Less common causes include tumor lysis syndrome, seizures, and prolonged ischemia.[2] Diagnosis is based on a blood level of magnesium greater than 1.1 mmol/L (2.6 mg/dL).[1][3] It is severe if levels are greater than 2.9 mmol/L (7 mg/dL).[5] Specific electrocardiogram (ECG) changes may be present.[1]
Treatment involves stopping the magnesium a person is getting.[2] Treatment when levels are very high include calcium chloride, intravenous normal saline with furosemide, and hemodialysis.[1] Hypermagnesemia is uncommon.[3] Rates among hospitalized patients in renal failure may be as high as 10%.[2]
^ abcdRonco, Claudio; Bellomo, Rinaldo; Kellum, John A.; Ricci, Zaccaria (2017). Critical Care Nephrology. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 344. ISBN 9780323511995.
^ abcdef"Hypermagnesemia". Merck Manuals Professional Edition. Retrieved 28 October 2018.
^Cascella M, Vaqar S (2020). "Hypermagnesemia". Statspearl. PMID 31747218. This article incorporates text available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
^ abLerma, Edgar V.; Nissenson, Allen R. (2011). Nephrology Secrets. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 568. ISBN 978-0323081276.
^Romani, Andrea, M.P. (2013). "Chapter 3. Magnesium in Health and Disease". In Astrid Sigel; Helmut Sigel; Roland K. O. Sigel (eds.). Interrelations between Essential Metal Ions and Human Diseases. Metal Ions in Life Sciences. Vol. 13. Springer. pp. 49–79. doi:10.1007/978-94-007-7500-8_3. PMID 24470089.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Hypermagnesemia is an electrolyte disorder in which there is a high level of magnesium in the blood. Symptoms include weakness, confusion, decreased breathing...
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effects have been difficult to show experimentally.[citation needed] Hypermagnesemia, an overabundance of magnesium in the blood, is usually caused by loss...
Magnesium-containing products such as antacids may increase the risk of hypermagnesemia. Aluminium-containing products such as antacids may increase the risk...
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