"Khorramdin" redirects here. Not to be confused with Babak Khorramdin.
The Khurramites (Persian: خرمدینانKhorram-Dīnân, meaning "those of the Joyful Religion") were an Iranian[1][2][3] religious and political movement with its roots in the Zoroastrian movement of Mazdakism.[3] An alternative name for the movement is the Muḥammira (Arabic: محمرة, "Red-Wearing Ones"; in Persian: سرخجامگانSorkh-Jâmagân), a reference to their symbolic red dress.[citation needed]
The Qizilbash ("Red-Heads") of the 16th century – a religious and political movement in Iranian Azerbaijan that helped to establish the Safavid dynasty – were reportedly the "spiritual descendants of the Khurramites".[4]
^Arthur Goldschmidt, Lawrence Davidson, “A concise history of the Middle East”, Westview Press; Eighth Edition (July 21, 2005). p. 81: “..a Persian named Babak whose rebellion lasted twenty years. These uprisings were inspired by Persia's pre-Islamic religions, such as Zoroastrianism (the faith of the Sassanid ruler) and a peasant movement called Mazdakism”
^Whittow (1996), "The Making of Orthodox Byzantium, 600–1025". New studies in medieval history, London: Macmillan, pp. 195, 203 & 215
Azerbaijan was the scene of frequent anti-caliphal and anti-Arab revolts during the eighth and ninth centuries, and Byzantine sources talk of Persian warriors seeking refuge in the 830s from the Caliph's armies by taking service under the Byzantine emperor Theophilos. [...] Azerbaijan had a Persian population and was a traditional centre of the Zoroastrian religion. [...] The Khurramites were a [...] Persian sect, influenced by Shiite doctrines, but with their roots in a pre-Islamic Persian religious movement.
^ abW. Madelung, "Khurrammiya" in Encyclopaedia of Islam. Edited by: P. Bearman, Th. Bianchi, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs. Brill, 2009. Brill Online. Excerpt: "Khurrammiya or Khurramdiniyya refers in the Islamic sources to the religious movement founded by Mazdak in the late 5th century A.D. and to various anti-Arab sects which developed out of it under the impact of certain extremist Shi'i doctrines."
^Roger M. Savory (ref. Abdülbaki Gölpinarli), Encyclopaedia of Islam, "Kizil-Bash", Online Edition 2005
Revolution, the Khurramites fought as rebels under Sonbadh, Moqanna, Babak and other leaders in various cities and regions. The Khurramites in Azerbaijan...
battle between the Arab caliphate and the Khurramites took place in the fortress of Badd on 837. The Khurramites were defeated and Afshin reached Badd. Afshin...
Some further details may be inferred from the later doctrine of the Khurramites, which has been seen as a continuation of Mazdakism. Some sources claim...
(Persian: ناصر), Nasr (نصر), or Nusayr (نصیر), was a commander of the Khurramites who converted to Christianity and entered Byzantine service under Emperor...
more radical offspring, the Persian Khurramites, and Turkic shamanism, have been suggested. Of these, the Khurramites were, like the Qizilbash, an early...
Cities Balkh Kashmar Yazd History and culture Parsis Zurvanism Mazdakism Khurramites Three Persian religions Calendar Festivals Marriage Burial Adherents...
Hashimiyya Abdallah ibn Mu'awiya Rawendis Abu Muslim Sunpadh Muḥammirah Khurramites Babak Mazyar al-Muqanna Ishaq al-Turk Khashabiyya Shia Other Mahdiists...
Hashimiyya Abdallah ibn Mu'awiya Rawendis Abu Muslim Sunpadh Muḥammirah Khurramites Babak Mazyar al-Muqanna Ishaq al-Turk Khashabiyya Shia Other Mahdiists...
spiritual truth (God), through mystic practices based on divine love. Khurramites, a 9th-century religious and political movement based on the 8th century...
Hashimiyya Abdallah ibn Mu'awiya Rawendis Abu Muslim Sunpadh Muḥammirah Khurramites Babak Mazyar al-Muqanna Ishaq al-Turk Khashabiyya Shia Other Mahdiists...
Hashimiyya Abdallah ibn Mu'awiya Rawendis Abu Muslim Sunpadh Muḥammirah Khurramites Babak Mazyar al-Muqanna Ishaq al-Turk Khashabiyya Shia Other Mahdiists...
Muhammad ibn Ja'far al-Sadiq, Qays led by Nasr ibn Shabath al-Uqayli and Khurramites led by Babak Khorramdin Al-Ma'mun takes power as Caliph, al-Sadiq is...
Hashimiyya Abdallah ibn Mu'awiya Rawendis Abu Muslim Sunpadh Muḥammirah Khurramites Babak Mazyar al-Muqanna Ishaq al-Turk Khashabiyya Shia Other Mahdiists...
of relative calm interspersed with a rebellion in Azerbaijan by the Khurramites, which was supported by the Byzantines. Al-Ma'mun was also responsible...
amnesty to the 30,000 captives. Ishaq al-Turk Sunpadh al-Muqanna Mazdak Khurramites al-Tabari, Muhammad ibn Jarir (1990). The History of al-Tabari Vol. 29:...
Hashimiyya Abdallah ibn Mu'awiya Rawendis Abu Muslim Sunpadh Muḥammirah Khurramites Babak Mazyar al-Muqanna Ishaq al-Turk Khashabiyya Shia Other Mahdiists...
Hashimiyya Abdallah ibn Mu'awiya Rawendis Abu Muslim Sunpadh Muḥammirah Khurramites Babak Mazyar al-Muqanna Ishaq al-Turk Khashabiyya Shia Other Mahdiists...
Alevi-Turks" has a unique belief system tracing back to Kaysanites and Khurramites, which are considered ghulat Shi'ism. According to Turkish scholar Abdülbaki...
the cities, but was unable to suppress the Khurramite revolt. Expeditions were sent against the Khurramites under Sadaka ibn Ali al-Azdi in 824 and Muhammad...
Hanbalism Shafi'ism Sunni Revival Shi'a Islam Twelve Imams Isma'ilism Qarmatians Shi'a Century Other Dhimmi Christianity Jews and Judaism Khurramites...
Cities Balkh Kashmar Yazd History and culture Parsis Zurvanism Mazdakism Khurramites Three Persian religions Calendar Festivals Marriage Burial Adherents...