For the surname, see Qizilbash (name). For the related Sufi order that led to the Safavid dynasty, see Safavid order. For the related Sufi order in Turkey, see Alevism. For the suburb of Nicosia, Cyprus but under de facto control of Northern Cyprus, see Kizilbash (suburb).
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Qizilbash or Kizilbash (Azerbaijani: قیزیلباش; Ottoman Turkish: قزيل باش; Persian: قزلباش, romanized: Qezelbāš; Turkish: Kızılbaş, lit. 'red head' Turkish pronunciation:[kɯzɯɫbaʃ]) were a diverse array of mainly Turkoman[1] Shia militant groups that flourished in Azerbaijan,[2][3] Anatolia, the Armenian highlands, the Caucasus, and Kurdistan from the late 15th century onwards, and contributed to the foundation of the Safavid dynasty in early modern Iran.[4][5]
^Babayan, Kathryn (1993). The Waning of the Qizilbash: The Spiritual and the Temporal in Seventeenth Century Iran. Princeton University. pp. 1–6, 41–47. "The Qizilbash, composed mainly of Turkman tribesmen, were the military force introduced by the conquering Safavis to the Iranian domains in the sixteenth century."
^Cornell, Vincent J. (2007). Voices of Islam (Praeger perspectives). Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 225 vol.1. ISBN 978-0275987329. OCLC 230345942.
^Parker, Charles H. (2010). Global Interactions in the Early Modern Age, 1400–1800. Cambridge University Press. p. 53. ISBN 978-1139491419.
^Roger M. Savory: "Kizil-Bash". In Encyclopaedia of Islam, Vol. 5, pp. 243–245.
^Savory, EI2, Vol. 5, p. 243: "Kizilbāsh (T. "Red-head"). [...] In general, it is used loosely to denote a wide variety of extremist Shi'i sects [see Ghulāt], which flourished in [V:243b] Anatolia and Kurdistān from the late 7th/13th century onwards, including such groups as the Alevis (see A. S. Tritton, Islam: belief and practices, London 1951, 83)."
Afghan Qizilbash (Dari: قزلباشهای افغان; Azerbaijani: Əfqanıstan qızılbaşları) are a Turkic ethnic group in Afghanistan. The Afghan Qizilbash are descendants...
Jawanshir Qizilbash (Azerbaijani: Cavanşir-Qızılbaş tayfası) is an Azerbaijani tribe and a part of the Afshar, adherents of Twelver Shi'ism. They belong...
Minor and Azerbaijan and were known as Qizilbash "Red Heads" because of their distinct red headgear. The Qizilbash were warriors, spiritual followers of...
country was riven with discord between the different factions of the Qizilbash army, who killed Abbas' mother and elder brother. Meanwhile, Iran's enemies...
Asad Qizilbash (born 22 September 1963) is a Pakistani sarod player. Asad was born in 1963 to the famous violinist K.H. Qizilbash, who introduced many...
Shahtaj Qizilbash (1905 – 2008) was a women's rights advocate in Pakistan. Shahtaj Qizilbash was a founding member of the Women's Action Forum. Shahtaj...
Mahjabin Qazalbash (Pashto: ماہ جبین قزلباش; 1958 – 26 February 2020) was a Pashto singer from Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. She also sang in...
Nawab Sir Muzaffar Ali Khan Qizilbash (Urdu: نواب مظفر علی خان قزلباش) was born in 1908. He was a Pakistani politician from the Punjab and a minister...
usually Qizilbash lords of Turkoman stock. However, from the early 17th century onwards, the post became pretty much dominated by non-Qizilbash, especially...
formed the most important part of the Qizilbash movement. In the summer of 1500, Ismail rallied about 7,000 Qizilbash troops at Erzincan, including members...
Alevism, Anatolian Alevism or Qizilbashism (/æˈlɛvɪzəm/; Turkish: Alevilik, Anadolu Aleviliği or Kızılbaşlık; Kurdish: Elewîtî, Rêya Heqî; Azerbaijani:...
reign Khodabanda emerged as the only heir, and so with the backing of the Qizilbash tribes became Shah in 1578. Khodabanda's reign was marked by a continued...
Agha Ali Abbas Qizilbash (also known as Agha Talish, Urdu: آغا طالِش) (13 November 1923 – 19 February 1998) was a Pakistani actor who made his debut in...
minorities of Aimaq, Turkmen, Baloch, Pashai, Nuristani, Gujjar, Brahui, Qizilbash, Pamiri, Kyrgyz, Sadat, and others. Altogether they make up the Afghan...
realm's influential vassals, or for his growing popularity between the Qizilbash tribes, resulting in Tahmasp becoming wary of his son's influence. Tahmasp...
1514, Sultan Selim I ordered the massacre of 40,000 Anatolian Alevis (Qizilbash), whom he considered a fifth column for the rival Safavid Empire. During...
newly created layers in Iranian society, Abbas eclipsed the power of the Qizilbash in the civil administration, the royal house, and the military. Abbas...
first years of Tahmasp's reign were marked by civil wars between the Qizilbash leaders until 1532, when he asserted his authority and began an absolute...
Hossein Beg Laleh Shamlu was a Qizilbash officer of Turkoman origin, who occupied high offices under the Safavid king Ismail I (r. 1501–1524) and was...
of Twelver Shī‘ism. This tribe belongs to a branch of Kangarlu, Afghan Qizilbash people. This tribe is also found in the Qala e Fatullah villages of Wazirabad...
forces under Zangi Khan Durrani – with over 18,000 men total of Afghan, Qizilbash, and Mongol cavalrymen – against over 60,000 Sikh men. The Sikhs lost...
were suppressed by Ottoman soldiers, resulting in the deaths of many Qizilbash Turkmens, and many others fleeing and losing track of them in the process...
the Shamli tribe, was one of the seven original and the most powerful Qizilbash tribes of Turcoman origin in Iran. Ahmad Sultan Shamlu Abdu Beg Shamlu...
Alevi Shaykhi Other related sects and groups Alawites Sufism and Alevism Qizilbash Safaviyya Bektashism and folk religion Malamatiyya Qalandariyya Hurufism...