Heparin, also known as unfractionated heparin (UFH), is a medication and naturally occurring glycosaminoglycan.[3][4] Heparin is a blood anticoagulant that increases the activity of antithrombin.[5] It is used in the treatment of heart attacks and unstable angina.[3] It can be given intravenously or by injection under the skin.[3] Its anticoagulant properties make it useful to prevent blood clotting in blood specimen test tubes and kidney dialysis machines.[4][6]
Common side effects include bleeding, pain at the injection site, and low blood platelets.[3] Serious side effects include heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.[3] Greater care is needed in those with poor kidney function.[3]
Heparin is contraindicated for suspected cases of vaccine-induced pro-thrombotic immune thrombocytopenia (VIPIT) secondary to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, as heparin may further increase the risk of bleeding in an anti-PF4/heparin complex autoimmune manner, in favor of alternative anticoagulant medications (such as argatroban or danaparoid).[7][8][9]
Heparin appears to be relatively safe for use during pregnancy and breastfeeding.[10] Heparin is produced by basophils and mast cells in all mammals.[11]
The discovery of heparin was announced in 1916.[12] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[13] A fractionated version of heparin, known as low molecular weight heparin, is also available.[14]
^ ab"Heparin Interpharma APMDS". Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). 7 December 2023. Retrieved 7 March 2024.
^"Heparin". 10 February 2012. Archived from the original on 14 February 2012.
^ abcdef"Heparin Sodium". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 27 January 2016. Retrieved 1 January 2016.
^ ab"Heparin (Mucous) Injection BP – Summary of Product Characteristics". Electronic Medicines Compendium. September 2016. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 15 December 2016.
^Alquwaizani M, Buckley L, Adams C, Fanikos J (June 2013). "Anticoagulants: A Review of the Pharmacology, Dosing, and Complications". Current Emergency and Hospital Medicine Reports. 1 (2): 83–97. doi:10.1007/s40138-013-0014-6. PMC 3654192. PMID 23687625.
^McClatchey KD (2002). Clinical Laboratory Medicine. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 662. ISBN 978-0-683-30751-1. Archived from the original on 10 September 2017.
^"AstraZeneca COVID-19-Vakzine Umgang mit dem Risiko von Gerinnungskomplikationen" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 January 2024. Retrieved 3 April 2021.
^Greinacher A, Thiele T, Warkentin TE, Weisser K, Kyrle PA, Eichinger S (June 2021). "Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia after ChAdOx1 nCov-19 Vaccination". The New England Journal of Medicine. 384 (22): 2092–2101. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2104840. PMC 8095372. PMID 33835769.
^Pai M, Grill A, Ivers N (26 March 2021). "Vaccine-Induced Prothrombotic Immune Thrombocytopenia (VIPIT) Following AstraZeneca COVID-19 Vaccination" (PDF). The Ontario COVID-19 Science Advisory Table. doi:10.47326/ocsat.2021.02.17.1.0. S2CID 233663558. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 March 2021. Retrieved 3 April 2021. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
^"Heparin Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Warnings". drugs.com. Archived from the original on 27 January 2016. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
^Guyton AC, Hall JE (2006). Textbook of Medical Physiology. Elsevier Saunders. p. 464. ISBN 978-0-7216-0240-0.
^Li JL, Corey EJ (2013). Drug Discovery: Practices, Processes, and Perspectives. John Wiley & Sons. p. 189. ISBN 978-1-118-35446-9. Archived from the original on 10 September 2017.
^World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
^Rietschel RL, Fowler JF, Fisher AA (2008). Fisher's Contact Dermatitis. PMPH-USA. p. 142. ISBN 978-1-55009-378-0. Archived from the original on 10 September 2017.
Heparin, also known as unfractionated heparin (UFH), is a medication and naturally occurring glycosaminoglycan. Heparin is a blood anticoagulant that...
aggregated platelet products. Common anticoagulants include warfarin and heparin. The use of anticoagulants is a decision based on the risks and benefits...
The enzyme heparin lyase (EC 4.2.2.7) catalyzes the following process: Eliminative cleavage of polysaccharides containing (1→4)-linked D-glucuronate or...
β-antithrombin. Its activity is increased manyfold by the anticoagulant drug heparin, which enhances the binding of antithrombin to factor IIa (thrombin) and...
2008 Chinese heparin adulteration, refers to heparin adulteration incidents that occurred in the United States of America in 2008. Pharmaceutical company...
to heparin. Both consist of a variably sulfated repeating disaccharide unit. The main disaccharide units that occur in heparan sulfate and heparin are...
effects of heparin. It is specifically used in heparin overdose, in low molecular weight heparin overdose, and to reverse the effects of heparin during delivery...
uncoated CPB circuits require a high dose of systemic heparin. Although the effects of heparin are reversible by administering protamine, there are a...
known as heparin-binding brain mitogen (HBBM) or heparin-binding growth factor 8 (HBGF-8) or neurite growth-promoting factor 1 (NEGF1) or heparin affinity...
restore the level of clotting factors in the blood, as well as platelets and heparin to prevent further thrombi formation.[citation needed] A thrombus occurs...
Administration (FDA) for prophylaxis or treatment of thrombosis in patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). In 2002, it was approved for use during...
appears to be safe for the baby. Enoxaparin is in the low molecular weight heparin family of medications. Enoxaparin was first made in 1981 and approved for...
seepage and collection of blood may occur if heparin is given via an intramuscular route; to avoid this, heparin must be given intravenously or subcutaneously...
Heparin mimicking polymers are synthetic compounds that possess similar characteristics to heparin, that is it can be used clinically as an anticoagulant...
site due to their anticoagulant effect. This includes heparin and low molecular weight heparin products such as enoxaparin. There is some low certainty...
suspended the manufacture of heparin, and launched an investigation. The investigation into the contamination has focused on raw heparin produced by one of Baxter's...
or saline lock, a needleless connection filled with a small amount of heparin or saline solution to prevent clotting, between uses of the catheter. Ported...
an anticoagulant medication chemically related to low molecular weight heparins. It is marketed by Viatris. A generic version developed by Alchemia is...
low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) or unfractionated heparin, or increasingly with direct acting oral anticoagulants (DOAC). Those initially treated with heparins can...
Heparin cofactor II (HCII), a protein encoded by the SERPIND1 gene, is a coagulation factor that inhibits IIa, and is a cofactor for heparin and dermatan...
Because heparin is typically used in CPB, patients who are known to have the antibodies responsible for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and heparin-induced...
like heparin, act by interacting with heparin binding proteins, generally through ionic interactions or hydrogen bonding. Some examples of heparin binding...
who relapsed following splenectomy. Discontinuation of heparin is critical in a case of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). Beyond that, however, clinicians...
Heparin necrosis is a cutaneous condition and usually occurs between days 5 and 10 of heparin therapy. Warfarin necrosis List of cutaneous conditions...
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