Protamine sulfate is a medication that is used to reverse the effects of heparin.[3] It is specifically used in heparin overdose, in low molecular weight heparin overdose, and to reverse the effects of heparin during delivery and heart surgery.[3][4] It is given by injection into a vein.[3] The onset of effects is typically within five minutes.[2]
Common side effects include low blood pressure, slow heart rate, allergic reactions, and vomiting.[3] Allergic reactions may be severe and include anaphylaxis.[3] The risk is greater in males who have had a vasectomy.[5] While there is no evidence of harm from using during pregnancy it has not been well studied in this group.[6] Protamine works by binding with heparin.[3]
Protamine sulfate was approved for medical use in the United States in 1969.[3] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[7] It was originally made from the sperm of salmon (salmine, salmon protamine).[3] It is now mainly made using recombinant biotechnology.[8]
^"FDA-sourced list of all drugs with black box warnings (Use Download Full Results and View Query links.)". nctr-crs.fda.gov. FDA. Retrieved 22 Oct 2023.
^ ab"Prosulf 10mg/ml Solution for Injection - Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) - (eMC)". www.medicines.org.uk. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 14 December 2016.
^ abcdefgh"Protamine Sulfate". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 6 November 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
^"Protamine sulfate". www.drugbank.ca. Retrieved 14 February 2019.
^World Health Organization (2009). Stuart MC, Kouimtzi M, Hill SR (eds.). WHO Model Formulary 2008. World Health Organization. p. 255. hdl:10665/44053. ISBN 9789241547659.
^"Protamine Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 14 December 2016.
^World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
^Kern MJ, Seto AR, Parise CM (2012). "Antithrombotic and Antiplatelet Therapy for Percutaneous Coronary Interventions". In Kern MJ (ed.). The Interventional Cardiac Catheterization Handbook E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 131. ISBN 9781455740420.
Protaminesulfate is a medication that is used to reverse the effects of heparin. It is specifically used in heparin overdose, in low molecular weight...
off of bypass support, the cross-clamp and cannulas are removed and protaminesulfate is administered to reverse the anticoagulative effects of heparin...
range. It is still used as an alternative to protaminesulfate for patients who are sensitive to protamine, and at least one surgical center has gone back...
case, anti-Xa units can be measured and dosing adjusted accordingly. Protaminesulfate is less effective at reversing enoxaparin compared to heparin, with...
efficient method for precipitating out RuBisCO involves the usage of protaminesulfate solution. Other existing methods for depleting RuBisCO and studying...
disease, and stroke), severe liver disease, or severe hypertension. Protaminesulfate has been given to counteract the anticoagulant effect of heparin (1 mg...
as it is generally well tolerated and can be quickly reversed with protaminesulfate. Low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH) is however, becoming increasingly...
discovered the alkaline substance protamine, which he published in 1874. It later found use, as protaminesulfate, in the stabilization of insulin (NPH...
by prothrombin complex concentrate and/or vitamin K and heparin by protaminesulfate. Ximelagatran was generally well tolerated in the trial populations...
levels can be measured, and are often used to monitor tinzaparin. Protaminesulfate will reverse tinzaparin by 85% per package insert. "FDA-sourced list...
B1 BOVINE INSULIN 2omg: Structure of human insulin cocrystallized with protamine and urea 2omh: Structure of human insulin cocrystallized with ARG-12 peptide...
biocompatible and biodegradable. Polyelectrolytes such as dextran sulfate (DSS), protamine (PRM) or poly-L-arginine all fulfill these requirements and may...
amine groups and grafted with heparin to form microspheres that provide protamine-stimulated, targeted drug release for the delivery of therapeutics to...
Ramamurthy PC , Chakravortty D , Raichur AM, 2015, Stimuli responsive protamine based biodegradable nanocapsules for enhanced bioavailability and intracellulardelivery...
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