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Hemicellulose information


A hemicellulose (also known as polyose) is one of a number of heteropolymers (matrix polysaccharides), such as arabinoxylans, present along with cellulose in almost all terrestrial plant cell walls.[1] Cellulose is crystalline, strong, and resistant to hydrolysis. Hemicelluloses are branched, shorter in length than cellulose, and also show a propensity to crystallize.[2] They can be hydrolyzed by dilute acid or base as well as a myriad of hemicellulase enzymes.

Most common molecular motif of hemicellulose
  1. ^ Scheller HV, Ulvskov P.Hemicelluloses. // Annu Rev Plant Biol. 2010;61:263-89. doi: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-042809-112315.
  2. ^ Smith, Peter J.; Curry, Thomas M.; Yang, Jeong-Yeh; Barnes, William J.; Ziegler, Samantha J.; Mittal, Ashutosh; Moremen, Kelley W.; York, William S.; Bomble, Yannick J.; Peña, Maria J.; Urbanowicz, Breeanna R. (2022-07-13). "Enzymatic Synthesis of Xylan Microparticles with Tunable Morphologies". ACS Materials Au. 2 (4): 440–452. doi:10.1021/acsmaterialsau.2c00006. ISSN 2694-2461. PMC 9284610. PMID 35856073.

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Hemicellulose

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A hemicellulose (also known as polyose) is one of a number of heteropolymers (matrix polysaccharides), such as arabinoxylans, present along with cellulose...

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Eukaryote

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of land plants are cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin. The cellulose microfibrils are linked together with hemicellulose, embedded in a pectin matrix...

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Lignocellulosic biomass

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polymers, cellulose and hemicellulose, and an aromatic-rich polymer called lignin. Any biomass rich in cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin are commonly...

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Cellulose

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groups. Plant-derived cellulose is usually found in a mixture with hemicellulose, lignin, pectin and other substances, while bacterial cellulose is quite...

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Cellulose fiber

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plant-based material. In addition to cellulose, the fibers may also contain hemicellulose and lignin, with different percentages of these components altering...

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Xyloglucan

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Xyloglucan is a hemicellulose that occurs in the primary cell wall of all vascular plants; however, all enzymes responsible for xyloglucan metabolism...

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Xylosan

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of the hemicellulose found in wood. Xylosan is the dehydrated product of the 5-carbon xylose sugar monomer, a major component of hemicellulose. Miura...

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Xylan

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Xylan (/ˈzaɪlæn/; /ˈzaɪlən/) (CAS number: 9014-63-5) is a type of hemicellulose, a polysaccharide consisting mainly of xylose residues. It is found in...

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Cellulosic ethanol

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comprises much of the mass of plants and is composed mainly of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Popular sources of lignocellulose include both agricultural...

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Cell wall

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plants, the primary cell wall comprises polysaccharides like cellulose, hemicelluloses, and pectin. Often, other polymers such as lignin, suberin or cutin...

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Black liquor

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kraft process when digesting pulpwood into paper pulp removing lignin, hemicelluloses and other extractives from the wood to free the cellulose fibers. The...

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Masa

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and ash are highly alkaline: the alkalinity helps the dissolution of hemicellulose, the major glue-like component of the maize cell walls, and loosens...

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Wood

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form thickened secondary cell walls, composed mainly of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Where the differences between the seasons are distinct,...

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Nixtamalization

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and ash are highly alkaline: the alkalinity helps the dissolution of hemicellulose, the major glue-like component of the maize cell walls, and loosens...

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Mannans

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as a principal component. They are a type of polysaccharide found in hemicellulose, a major source of biomass found in higher plants such as softwoods...

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Xylose

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atoms and includes an aldehyde functional group. It is derived from hemicellulose, one of the main constituents of biomass. Like most sugars, it can adopt...

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Jeevamrutha

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households, etc. Ethanol alcohol is generated from the cellulose and hemicellulose material present in the plant leaves by fermentation. Pretreatment of...

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Brown rice syrup

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rice starch generated by processing brown rice to remove the protein, hemicellulose and lipid fractions. The modification usually involves heat-assisted...

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Galactose

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lactose molecule. Galactan is a polymeric form of galactose found in hemicellulose, and forming the core of the galactans, a class of natural polymeric...

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Kappa number

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compounds are formed during the chemical pulping process, from the hemicelluloses. The Kappa number can be monitored by online Kappa analysers in a pulp...

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Banana paper

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cellular composition of banana fiber, which consists of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. During the manufacturing process of banana paper, the fibers...

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Botany

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include a primary cell wall composed of the polysaccharides cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin, larger vacuoles than in animal cells and the presence of...

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Green liquor

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Alternatively, green liquor can be used prior to white liquor to extract some hemicellulose. Giddings, J.F.; Roll, D.R.; Cappellino, C.A.; Day, M.; Nardone, R.A...

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Pulp mill

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three-dimensional polymer that binds the cellulose fibres together) and hemicelluloses, (shorter branched carbohydrate polymers). The aim of pulping is to...

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Sugar

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Fructose / Fructan Inulin Galactose / Galactan Glucose / Glucan Glycogen Hemicellulose Levan beta 2→6 Lignin Mannan Pectin Starch Amylopectin Amylose Xanthan...

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Petrified wood

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in the wood. Wood is composed mostly of holocellulose (cellulose and hemicellulose) and lignin. Together, these substances make up 95% of the dry composition...

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Neutral detergent fiber

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measures most of the structural components in plant cells (i.e. lignin, hemicellulose and cellulose), but not pectin. Further analysis can be done to the...

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Hominy

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remove the bitter flavor of the lye or lime. Alkalinity helps dissolve hemicellulose, the major adhesive component of the maize cell walls, loosens the hulls...

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