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Galactose information


For the EP by The Sweet Science, see Galactose (EP).
d-Galactose
Haworth projection of
β-d-galactopyranose
Fischer projection of
d-galactose
Names
IUPAC name
Galactose
Systematic IUPAC name
(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2,3,4,5-tetrol
Other names
Brain sugar
Identifiers
CAS Number
  • 59-23-4 ☒N
3D model (JSmol)
  • Interactive image
Beilstein Reference
 1724619
ChEBI
  • CHEBI:28061 checkY
ChEMBL
  • ChEMBL300520 ☒N
ChemSpider
  • 388480 checkY
IUPHAR/BPS
  • 4646
KEGG
  • D04291 ☒N
MeSH Galactose
PubChem CID
  • 439357
UNII
  • X2RN3Q8DNE checkY
InChI
  • InChI=1S/C6H12O6/c7-1-2-3(8)4(9)5(10)6(11)12-2/h2-11H,1H2/t2−,3+,4+,5−,6+/m1/s1 checkY
    Key: WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N checkY
  • InChI=1/C6H12O6/c7-1-2-3(8)4(9)5(10)6(11)12-2/h2-11H,1H2/t2−,3+,4+,5−,6+/m1/s1
    Key: WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBBU
SMILES
  • O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O)CO
Properties
Chemical formula
 C6H12O6
Molar mass 180.156 g·mol−1
Appearance White solid[1]
Odor Odorless[1]
Density 1.5 g/cm3[1]
Melting point 168–170 °C (334–338 °F; 441–443 K)[1]
Solubility in water
 650 g/L (20 °C)[1]
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)
 -103.00·10−6 cm3/mol
Pharmacology
ATC code
 V04CE01 (WHO) V08DA02 (WHO) (microparticles)
Hazards
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 1: Exposure would cause irritation but only minor residual injury. E.g. turpentineFlammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
1
0
0
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
☒N verify (what is checkY☒N ?)
Infobox references

Galactose (/ɡəˈlæktoʊs/, galacto- + -ose, "milk sugar"), sometimes abbreviated Gal, is a monosaccharide sugar that is about as sweet as glucose, and about 65% as sweet as sucrose.[2] It is an aldohexose and a C-4 epimer of glucose.[3] A galactose molecule linked with a glucose molecule forms a lactose molecule.

Galactan is a polymeric form of galactose found in hemicellulose, and forming the core of the galactans, a class of natural polymeric carbohydrates.[4]

D-Galactose is also known as brain sugar since it is a component of glycoproteins (oligosaccharide-protein compounds) found in nerve tissue.[5]

  1. ^ a b c d e Record in the GESTIS Substance Database of the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
  2. ^ Spillane WJ (2006-07-17). Optimising Sweet Taste in Foods. Woodhead Publishing. p. 264. ISBN 9781845691646.
  3. ^ Kalsi PS (2007). Organic Reactions Stereochemistry And Mechanism (Through Solved Problems). New Age International. p. 43. ISBN 9788122417661.
  4. ^ Zanetti M, Capra DJ (2003-09-02). The Antibodies. CRC Press. p. 78. ISBN 9780203216514.
  5. ^ "16.3 Important Hexoses | The Basics of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry". courses.lumenlearning.com. Retrieved 2022-05-06.

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Galactose

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Galactose (/ɡəˈlæktoʊs/, galacto- + -ose, "milk sugar"), sometimes abbreviated Gal, is a monosaccharide sugar that is about as sweet as glucose, and about...

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Galactosemia

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galactosaemia, from Greek γαλακτόζη + αίμα, meaning galactose + blood, accumulation of galactose in blood) is a rare genetic metabolic disorder that affects...

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Galactose oxidase

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Galactose oxidase (D-galactose:oxygen 6-oxidoreductase, D-galactose oxidase, beta-galactose oxidase; abbreviated GAO, GAOX, GOase; EC 1.1.3.9) is an enzyme...

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Lactose

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Lactose, or milk sugar, is a disaccharide composed of galactose and glucose and has the molecular formula C12H22O11. Lactose makes up around 2–8% of milk...

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Uridine diphosphate galactose

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Uridine diphosphate galactose (UDP-galactose) is an intermediate in the production of polysaccharides. It is important in nucleotide sugars metabolism...

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Galactose mutarotase

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Galactose mutarotase (aldose 1-epimerase) (gene name GALM) is a human enzyme that reversibly converts α-aldose to the β-anomer. This enzyme catalyzes...

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Galactokinase

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(phosphotransferase) that facilitates the phosphorylation of α-D-galactose to galactose 1-phosphate at the expense of one molecule of ATP. Galactokinase...

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Galactomannan

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alpha-D-galactose, (i.e. 1-6-linked alpha-D-galactopyranose). In order of increasing number of mannose-to-galactose ratio: fenugreek gum, mannose:galactose ~1:1...

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Uridine

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role in the glycolysis pathway of galactose. There is no catabolic process to metabolize galactose. Therefore, galactose is converted to glucose and metabolized...

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Carbohydrate metabolism

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into simple monomers (monosaccharides): glucose, fructose, mannose and galactose. After resorption in the gut, the monosaccharides are transported, through...

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Amblyomma americanum

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triggered by an IgE antibody to the mammalian oligosaccharide galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal). A study published in 2019 discovered alpha-gal...

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Fucose

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a deoxy sugar) and the L-configuration. It is equivalent to 6-deoxy-L-galactose. In the fucose-containing glycan structures, fucosylated glycans, fucose...

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