Lake Taupō, North Island, New Zealand 38°49′S175°55′E / 38.817°S 175.917°E / -38.817; 175.917
VEI
7
Impact
Devastated vegetation in region, expanded Lake Taupō, flooded the Waikato River
The Hatepe eruption's main vents (three of the vents in red) ran parallel to Lake Taupō's current southeastern shore. Present active geothermal systems are in light blue.
The Hatepe eruption, named for the Hatepe Plinian pumice tephra layer,[1] sometimes referred to as the Taupō eruption or Horomatangi Reef Unit Y eruption, is dated to 232 CE ± 10[2] and was Taupō Volcano's most recent major eruption. It is thought to be New Zealand's largest eruption within the last 20,000 years. The eruption ejected some 45–105 km3 (11–25 cu mi) of bulk tephra,[3] of which just over 30 km3 (7.2 cu mi) was ejected in approximately 6–7 minutes.[4] This makes it one of the largest eruptions in the last 5,000 years, comparable to the Minoan eruption in the 2nd millennium BCE, the 946 eruption of Paektu Mountain, the 1257 eruption of Mount Samalas, and the 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora.
^Talbot, J. P.; Self, S.; Wilson, C. J. N. (1994). "Dilute gravity current and rain-flushed ash deposits in the 1.8 ka Hatepe Plinian deposit, Taupo, New Zealand". Bulletin of Volcanology. 56 (6–7): 538–551. Bibcode:1994BVol...56..538T. doi:10.1007/BF00302834. S2CID 129632427.
^Illsley-Kemp, Finnigan; Barker, Simon J.; Wilson, Colin J. N.; Chamberlain, Calum J.; Hreinsdóttir, Sigrún; Ellis, Susan; Hamling, Ian J.; Savage, Martha K.; Mestel, Eleanor R. H.; Wadsworth, Fabian B. (1 June 2021). "Volcanic Unrest at Taupō Volcano in 2019: Causes, Mechanisms and Implications". Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems. 22 (6): 1–27. Bibcode:2021GGG....2209803I. doi:10.1029/2021GC009803.
^Sutton, Andrew N.; Blake, Stephen; Wilson, Colin J. N. (1995-10-01). "An outline geochemistry of rhyolite eruptives from Taupo volcanic centre, New Zealand". Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand. 68 (1): 153–175. Bibcode:1995JVGR...68..153S. doi:10.1016/0377-0273(95)00011-I. ISSN 0377-0273.
^Wilson, CJN (1985-06-28). "The Taupo eruption, New Zealand. II. The Taupo Ignimbrite". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences. 314 (1529): 229–310. Bibcode:1985RSPTA.314..229W. doi:10.1098/rsta.1985.0020. ISSN 0080-4614. S2CID 123039394.
The Hatepeeruption, named for the Hatepe Plinian pumice tephra layer, sometimes referred to as the Taupō eruption or Horomatangi Reef Unit Y eruption, is...
Philippines. The 2022 eruption of Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha'apai in Tonga. In 1980, volcanologist George P. L. Walker proposed Hatepeeruption as the representative...
eastern alignment of the later Hatepeeruption,: 8 and the 4th vent was more central. The later stages of the eruption may have had venting from much...
a climactic vertical eruption with associated pyroclastic flows. The pre-climactic phase was phreatomagmatic. The Hatepeeruption in 232 ± 12 AD was the...
intra-caldera deposits. This eruption is comparable with the 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora, 1257 Samalas eruption, Lake Taupo's Hatepeeruption around 230 CE, and...
Millennium Eruption was one of the largest and most powerful eruptions in the last 5,000 years, along with the Minoan eruption of Thera, the Hatepeeruption of...
and its 1815 eruption was the most powerful volcanic eruption in recorded human history. This volcanic explosivity index (VEI) 7 eruption ejected 37–45 km3...
This timeline of volcanism on Earth includes a list of major volcanic eruptions of approximately at least magnitude 6 on the Volcanic explosivity index...
This is a list of volcanoes that have had large explosive eruptions during the Holocene (since about 11,650 years Before Present), with a volcanic explosivity...
Minoan eruption of Santorini The Hekla 3 eruption of about 1200 BC, contemporary with the historical Bronze Age collapse The Hatepeeruption (sometimes...
occurred during the Hatepeeruption of Taupō Volcano around 200 CE. Underwater caldera collapse resulting from large explosive eruptions can cause tsunamis...
also been described in New Zealand, for example in the Hatepeeruption. Before the initial eruption of 25,000 years ago there was a wide and shallow basin...
this eruption. Taupō's most recent major eruption, the Taupō or Hatepeeruption, took place around 232 CE, and is New Zealand's largest eruption since...
understood from tephra deposits before 1950 for 1718 years from the Taupō Hatepeeruption in 232 CE. Over this period there are 30 assigned tephra units by composition...
flowed through the valley before the last major Taupō eruption 1,800 years ago (the Hatepeeruption). The west cliffs are quarried to get blocks of Hinuera...
This article is a list of historical volcanic eruptions of approximately magnitude 6 or more on the Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) or equivalent sulfur...
fall at the vent. An eruption with a low dispersal index leaves most of its products close to the vent, forming a cone; an eruption with a high dispersal...
displaced historically at a much higher rate before the last Taupō Hatepeeruption. It has been speculated that just after the paired Rotorua Caldera...
Auckland is up to 9 m (30 ft) thick. The last massive eruption in the area was the Hatepeeruption from the Lake Taupō volcanic complex 1800 years ago,...
domes extruded after explosive volcanism. The explosive eruptions include the VEI 7 Hatepeeruption of 232 ± 10 CE that ejected over 120 km3 (29 cu mi) of...
Santorini's eruption in 2nd Millennium BC, The Lake Taupo's Hatepeeruption, The Lake Ilopango's eruption in around 535 and 536, The 1257 eruption of Mount...
N. N; Bradley, J; Walker, G. P. L. (1980). "A new date for the Taupo eruption, New Zealand". Nature. 288 (5788): 252–253. Bibcode:1980Natur.288..252W...
destroyed during the break-out flood. Much later, after the 232 CE Hatepeeruption two temporary Lake Reporoas were created transiently in the Reporoa...
park. The local ecosystem was essentially destroyed by the 232 CE Hatepeeruption of the Taupō Volcano. To the west at the base of the mountain is the...
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