Gallstone ileus is a rare form of small bowel obstruction caused by an impaction of a gallstone within the lumen of the small intestine. Such a gallstone enters the bowel via a cholecysto-enteric fistula. The presence of large stones, >2.5 cm in diameter, within the gallbladder are thought to predispose to fistula formation by gradual erosion through the gallbladder fundus.[1] Once a fistula has formed, a stone may travel from the gallbladder into the bowel and become lodged almost anywhere along the gastrointestinal tract. Obstruction occurs most commonly at the near the distal ileum, within 60 cm proximally to the ileocecal valve.[2][3] Rarely, gallstone ileus may recur if the underlying fistula is not treated.[4]
First described by Thomas Bartholin in 1654, the name "gallstone ileus" is a misnomer because an ileus is, by definition, a non-mechanical bowel motility failure (as opposed to a mechanical obstruction by a stone).
^Cite error: The named reference Harrisons was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference RadiopaediaGallstoneIleus was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference Bailey and Love's short practice of surgery was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Fitzgerald J, Fitzgerald L, Maxwell-Armstrong C, Brooks A (2009). "Recurrent gallstone ileus: time to change our surgery?". Journal of Digestive Diseases. 10 (2): 149–151. doi:10.1111/j.1751-2980.2009.00378.x. PMID 19426399. S2CID 43696188.
Gallstoneileus is a rare form of small bowel obstruction caused by an impaction of a gallstone within the lumen of the small intestine. Such a gallstone...
senses, under which prescription certain older terms such as "gallstoneileus" and "meconium ileus", although now technically misnomers, are still accepted...
gallstone is a stone formed within the gallbladder from precipitated bile components. The term cholelithiasis may refer to the presence of gallstones...
intestines (ileocecal valve). When a gallstone gets trapped, it can lead to an intestinal obstruction, called gallstoneileus, leading to abdominal pain, vomiting...
the abdominal aorta Ischemic strictures Foreign bodies (e.g. gallstones in gallstoneileus, swallowed objects such as expandable water toys) Intestinal...
Rarely, a gallstone can become impacted in the ileocecal valve that joins the caecum and the ileum, causing gallstoneileus (mechanical ileus). Complications...
cholecystitis, emphysematous gallbladder, fistulization of gallbladder and gallstoneileus, cholangitis, cirrhosis or portal hypertension, and blood dyscrasias...
g. passage of large gallstone, scarring related to chronic pancreatitis) Spontaneous biliary enteric fistula (e.g. gallstoneileus) Infection by gas-forming...
other organs. The two most common causes of acute pancreatitis are a gallstone blocking the common bile duct after the pancreatic duct has joined; and...
choice in case of minor iatrogenic bile duct injuries. Biliary injury Gallstoneileus Shahzad, Salman; Younus, Tahira; Khan, Eitzaz Ud Din (June 2, 2021)...
is closely linked to biliary disease, with the most common cause being gallstones (cholelithiasis). The gallbladder is designed to aid in the digestion...
surgery not due to an increased risk of gallstones, but rather to abdominal pain, awareness of having gallstones, and inappropriate surgical indications...
It tends to occur if the bile duct is already partially obstructed by gallstones. Cholangitis can be life-threatening, and is regarded as a medical emergency...
Wittmann DH, Schröder HJ. Diagnostic and therapeutic problems with gallstoneileus. Act Chir 11:247-602, 1976. Wittmann DH, Eggert A. A new method to...
inflammation of the pancreas. Causes, in order of frequency, include: a gallstone impacted in the common bile duct beyond the point where the pancreatic...
especially in generalized peritonitis Fever Sinus tachycardia Development of ileus paralyticus (i.e., intestinal paralysis), which also causes nausea, vomiting...
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