Cluster of signs and symptoms that define a unique epileptic condition
An epilepsy syndrome is defined as "a characteristic cluster of clinical and EEG features, often supported by specific etiological findings (structural, genetic, metabolic, immune, and infectious)."[1]
Syndromes are characterized by certain seizure type(s) and specific findings on EEG. Epilepsy syndromes often begin, and may remit, at specific ages. Identification of an epilepsy syndrome may provide important clues to the likely cause, the most effective treatment and the risk of comorbidities such as learning problems, intellectual disability, ADHD or other problems.[1]
Not everyone with epilepsy can be defined as having an epilepsy syndrome.[1] Epilepsy syndromes are most commonly found in children with epilepsy onset before 3 years of age and are less common in adult-onset epilepsy.[2]
This article reflects the 2017 ILAE Classification of the Epilepsies, and its more detailed follow-up papers, produced for the International League Against Epilepsy by a number of specialist clinicians.[3] Some syndromes in earlier classifications have been renamed or redefined, but these are retained at the end of the article for convenience.
^ abc Wirrell EC, Nabbout R, Scheffer IE, Alsaadi T, Bogacz A, French JA, et al. "Methodology for classification and definition of epilepsy syndromes with list of syndromes: Report of the ILAE Task Force on Nosology and Definitions". Epilepsia. 2022; 63: 1333–1348. https://doi.org/10.1111/epi.17237
^Neligan, A; Hauser, WA; Sander, JW (2012). "The epidemiology of the epilepsies". Handbook of Clinical Neurology. 107: 113–33. doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-52898-8.00006-9. ISBN 9780444528988. PMID 22938966.
^[https://www.ilae.org/guidelines/definition-and-classification/classification-and-definition-of-epilepsy-syndromes "Classification and Definition of Epilepsy Syndromes", ILAE
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