Not to be confused with Enterochromaffin-like cell.
Enterochromaffin cell
Serotonin
Details
Identifiers
Latin
endocrinocytus EC
MeSH
D004759
TH
H3.04.02.0.00029
FMA
62934
Anatomical terms of microanatomy
[edit on Wikidata]
Enterochromaffin (EC) cells (also known as Kulchitsky cells) are a type of enteroendocrine cell, and neuroendocrine cell. They reside alongside the epithelium lining the lumen of the digestive tract and play a crucial role in gastrointestinal regulation, particularly intestinal motility and secretion.[1] They were discovered by Nikolai Kulchitsky.[2]
EC cells modulate neuron signalling in the enteric nervous system (ENS) via the secretion of the neurotransmitter serotonin and other peptides. As enteric afferent and efferent nerves do not protrude into the intestinal lumen, EC cells act as a form of sensory transduction.[1] Serotonin in the ENS acts in synergy with other digestive hormones to regulate sensory and motor gastrointestinal reflexes. EC cells respond to both chemical and neurological stimuli. They are also reactive to mechanosensation, which is the case in the peristaltic reflex of the gut, and can be stimulated by a bolus moving through the bowel. Upon activation, EC cells release serotonin to act upon serotonin receptors on ENS neurons. Dependent on concentration, serotonin can then modulate peristaltic contraction and secretion through activation of smooth muscle and glands, respectively.[3]
Pulmonary neuroendocrine cells in the respiratory tract are known as bronchial Kulchitsky cells.[4]
^ abBertrand, Paul P.; Bertrand, Rebecca L. (2010). "Serotonin release and uptake in the gastrointestinal tract". Autonomic Neuroscience. 153 (1–2): 47–57. doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2009.08.002. PMID 19729349. S2CID 25355291.
^Drozdov, I.; Modlin, I. M; Kidd, M.; Goloubinov, V. V (2009). "Nikolai Konstantinovich Kulchitsky (1856-1925)". Journal of Medical Biography. 17 (1): 47–54. doi:10.1258/jmb.2008.008038. PMID 19190200. S2CID 25289790.
^Mawe, Gary M.; Hoffman, Jill M. (2013). "Serotonin signalling in the gut—functions, dysfunctions and therapeutic targets". Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology. 10 (8): 473–86. doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2013.105. PMC 4048923. PMID 23797870.
^Becker, KL; Silva, OL (July 1981). "Hypothesis: the bronchial Kulchitsky (K) cell as a source of humoral biologic activity". Medical Hypotheses. 7 (7): 943–9. doi:10.1016/0306-9877(81)90049-9. PMID 6270516.
and 28 Related for: Enterochromaffin cell information
Enterochromaffin (EC) cells (also known as Kulchitsky cells) are a type of enteroendocrine cell, and neuroendocrine cell. They reside alongside the epithelium...
adrenomedullary chromaffin cells secreting serotonin. Enterochromaffin-like cells or ECL cells are a type of neuroendocrine cell secreting histamine. Located...
cell Pneumocyte Type I cell Type II cell Club cell Goblet cell Pulmonary neuroendocrine cell Enteroendocrine cell G cell Delta cellEnterochromaffin-like...
Human Cell Atlas project, which started in 2016, had as one of its goals to "catalog all cell types (for example, immune cells or brain cells) and sub-types...
serotonin the human body produces is in the gastrointestinal tract's enterochromaffincells, where it regulates intestinal movements. Additionally, it is stored...
most strongly in the cells secreting noradrenaline. Chromaffin cells are also called pheochromocytes. The enterochromaffincells are so named because...
some molecules may change in course of the mast cell activation. Mast cells and enterochromaffincells are the source of most serotonin in the stomach...
the G cells. Gastrin stimulates enterochromaffin-like cells to secrete histamine. Gastrin also targets parietal cells by increasing the amount of histamine...
neural crest. Enterochromaffin and enterochromaffin-like cells, both being enteroendocrine cells, are also considered neuroendocrine cells due to their...
Indiana, a city in the US Emergency contraception Endothelial cellEnterochromaffincell Entorhinal cortex, memory center in the brain Enzyme Commission...
Goblet cells are simple columnar epithelial cells that secrete gel-forming mucins, like mucin 2 in the lower gastrointestinal tract, and mucin 5AC in the...
peptic ulcers (increased stimulation of enterochromaffincell and direct histamine stimulation on parietal cell) Malabsorption (due to inactivation of...
cells of all peripheral nerves. Enteric cells: Enterochromaffincells. Melanocytes, iris muscle and pigment cells, and even associated with some tumors...
these tumors are now known to arise from the enterochromaffin (EC) and enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells of the gut. Some sources credit Otto Lubarsch...
also as the route of excretion for bilirubin, a byproduct of red blood cells recycled by the liver. Bilirubin derives from hemoglobin by glucuronidation...
glands include mucous neck cells, chief cells, parietal cells, G cells, and enterochromaffin-like cells (ECLs). The first cells of all of the glands are...
distributed throughout the body, most commonly Kulchitsky cells or similar enterochromaffin-like cells, that are relatively more common in the gastrointestinal...
periphery of the islet, and beta cells (secreting insulin) more numerous and found throughout the islet. Enterochromaffincells are also scattered throughout...
2017). "EnterochromaffinCells Are Gut Chemosensors that Couple to Sensory Neural Pathways". Cell. 170 (1): 185–198.e16. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2017.05.034...
the enterochromaffincell, the mechanosensory cell in the GI epithelium, which synthesizes 95% of the body's total serotonin or 5-HT. Like the cells responsible...
Microfold cells (or M cells) are found in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) of the Peyer's patches in the small intestine, and in the mucosa-associated...
mechanisms. Four types of cells are involved in this process: parietal cells, G cells, D cells and enterochromaffin-like cells. Beside this, the endings...
characteristic of rotaviral enteritis, is caused by the virus infecting the enterochromaffincells on the lining of the digestive tract. The infection stimulates the...
VMAT1 is found in chromaffin cells, enterochromaffincells, and small intensely fluorescent cells (SIFs). Chromaffin cells are responsible for releasing...
importance on the cell surface of white blood cells, as they aid in the migration of white blood cells. As mentioned, microvilli are formed as cell extensions...
the area postrema in the medulla. Serotonin is released by the enterochromaffincells of the small intestine in response to chemotherapeutic agents and...