An ectopic hormone is a hormone produced by tumors derived from tissue that is not typically associated with its production.[1]
On the other hand, the term entopic is used to refer to hormones produced by tissue in tumors that are normally engaged in the production of that hormone.
[2]
The excess hormone secretion is considered detrimental to the normal body homeostasis.[3] This hormone production typically results in a set of signs and symptoms that are called a paraneoplastic syndrome.[2]
Some clinical syndromes caused by ectopic hormone production include:
Syndrome
Main causal cancers
Ectopic hormone
Cushing syndrome
Small-cell lung cancer[4]
Pancreatic carcinoma[4]
Neural tumors[4]
Thymoma
Ectopic ACTH and ACTH-like substance
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone
Small-cell lung cancer[4]
Ectopic Antidiuretic hormone[4]
Hypercalcemia
Lung cancer (typically squamous cell)[4]
Breast carcinoma[4]
Renal and bladder carcinoma[4][5]
Multiple myeloma (may occur independent of osteolytic lesions)
^Mulatero P, Rabbia F, Veglio F (May 2001). "Paraneoplastic hyperaldosteronism associated with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma". New England Journal of Medicine. 344 (20): 1558–9. doi:10.1056/NEJM200105173442017. PMID 11368052.
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bloodstream. Cellular glucose uptake is primarily regulated by insulin, a hormone produced in the pancreas. Once inside the cell, the glucose can now act...
The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH), also known as the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (SIAD), is characterized...
intermediate production. Paraneoplastic Syndromes: Some cancers produce "ectopic" hormones, particularly when tumors arise from neuroendocrine cells, causing...
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IUDs. IUDs also decrease the risk of ectopic pregnancy, which further implies that IUDs prevent fertilization. Hormonal IUDs were developed in the 1970s following...
strongly associated with paraneoplastic syndromes, most often due to ectopichormone production by the tumour. The treatment for these complications of...
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throwing off the urogenital system. Cryptorchidism (undescended testis) or ectopic testis with inguinal hernias have been identified in human males due to...
non-graded endometriosis. The endometriosis subgroup had a 270% higher risk for ectopic pregnancy and a 76% higher risk for miscarriage compared to their peers...
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understanding of the role and interplay of these hormones and factors has not been evolved. In case of an ectopic pregnancy, the endometrium nevertheless becomes...
nasopharyngeal midline. In rare cases, this results in functioning ectopichormone-secreting tumors in the nasopharynx. The functional development of...
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the vagina. The menstrual cycle is characterized by the rise and fall of hormones. Menstruation is triggered by falling progesterone levels and is a sign...
as ectopic pregnancy or ruptured ovarian cyst or may be confused with appendicitis. Richards JS (2018). "The ovarian cycle". Vitamins and Hormones (Review)...
the release of hormones secreted in the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). In the preovulatory...
though some evidence suggests it may be associated with ectopic pregnancy or the use of hormonal contraception. When laparoscopy is used for diagnosis,...
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