NSAIDs such as ibuprofen, hormonal birth control, IUD with progestogen[1][3]
Prognosis
Often improves with age[2]
Frequency
50–90% female adolescents and women of reproductive age[4]
Dysmenorrhea, also known as period pain, painful periods or menstrual cramps, is pain during menstruation.[4][5][2] Its usual onset occurs around the time that menstruation begins.[1] Symptoms typically last less than three days.[1] The pain is usually in the pelvis or lower abdomen.[1] Other symptoms may include back pain, diarrhea or nausea.[1]
Dysmenorrhea can occur without an underlying problem.[3][6] Underlying issues that can cause dysmenorrhea include uterine fibroids, adenomyosis, and most commonly, endometriosis.[3] It is more common among those with heavy periods, irregular periods, those whose periods started before twelve years of age and those who have a low body weight.[1] A pelvic exam and ultrasound in individuals who are sexually active may be useful for diagnosis.[1] Conditions that should be ruled out include ectopic pregnancy, pelvic inflammatory disease, interstitial cystitis and chronic pelvic pain.[1]
Dysmenorrhea occurs less often in those who exercise regularly and those who have children early in life.[1] Treatment may include the use of a heating pad.[3] Medications that may help include NSAIDs such as ibuprofen, hormonal birth control and the IUD with progestogen.[1][3] Taking vitamin B1 or magnesium may help.[2] Evidence for yoga, acupuncture and massage is insufficient.[1] Surgery may be useful if certain underlying problems are present.[2]
Estimates of the percentage of female adolescents, and women of reproductive age affected are between 50% and 90%.[4][6] It is the most common menstrual disorder.[2] Typically, it starts within a year of the first menstrual period.[1] When there is no underlying cause, often the pain improves with age or following having a child.[2]
^ abcdefghijklmnopqOsayande AS, Mehulic S (March 2014). "Diagnosis and initial management of dysmenorrhea". American Family Physician. 89 (5): 341–346. PMID 24695505.
^ abcdefgAmerican College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (Jan 2015). "FAQ046 Dynsmenorrhea: Painful Periods" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 June 2015. Retrieved 26 June 2015.
^ abcdefg"Menstruation and the menstrual cycle fact sheet". Office of Women's Health. December 23, 2014. Archived from the original on 26 June 2015. Retrieved 25 June 2015.
^ abcMcKenna KA, Fogleman CD (August 2021). "Dysmenorrhea". Am Fam Physician. 104 (2): 164–170. PMID 34383437.
^Cite error: The named reference medline was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ ab"Dysmenorrhea and Endometriosis in the Adolescent". ACOG. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. 20 November 2018. Retrieved 21 November 2018.
Dysmenorrhea, also known as period pain, painful periods or menstrual cramps, is pain during menstruation. Its usual onset occurs around the time that...
pain, diarrhea or nausea. Dysmenorrhea can occur without an underlying problem. Underlying issues that can cause dysmenorrhea include uterine fibroids...
ovulation (usually defined as cycles of >35 days or <8 cycles a year). Dysmenorrhea (or dysmenorrhoea), cramps or painful menstruation, involves menstrual...
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women. Patients with adenomyosis often present with painful menses (dysmenorrhea), profuse menses (menorrhagia), or both. Other possible symptoms are...
review suggested no strong evidence of melatonin compared to placebo for dysmenorrhea secondary to endometriosis. A 2016 review suggested no clear evidence...
effectively to improve blood flow, reduce uterine contractility and pain in dysmenorrhea patients. Tamoxifen is used for the treatment of both early and advanced...
menopause. If the polyp protrudes through the cervix into the vagina, pain (dysmenorrhea) may result. No definitive cause of endometrial polyps is known, but...
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(post-menopausal bleeding or PMB) Endometrial polyp Painful (i.e. associated with dysmenorrhea): Pelvic inflammatory disease Adenomyosis - extension of the endometrial...
cystic changes to the ovaries, and many report other symptoms, such as dysmenorrhea, back pain, vaginal discharge, abdominal bloating, mood swings or depression...
cycle Menstrual aids Cloth menstrual pad Menstrual cup Tampon Sanitary pad Dysmenorrhea Menorrhagia Amenorrhoea Menopause Hormone replacement therapy...
contract. These substances are thought to be a major factor in primary dysmenorrhea. "Eicosanoid Synthesis and Metabolism: Prostaglandins, Thromboxanes,...
premenstrual dysphoric disorder and are experienced by 3 to 8% of women. Dysmenorrhea (menstrual cramps or period pain) is felt as painful cramps in the abdomen...
promoter of gender equality. Some women experience a condition called dysmenorrhea that causes pain during menstruation. Up to 90% of women do not experience...
Hashish played a significant role in the treatment of pain, migraine, dysmenorrhea, pertussis, asthma and insomnia in Europe and USA towards the end of...
high-quality evidence for whether fenugreek is safe and effective in relieving dysmenorrhea or improving lactation during breastfeeding. Studies of fenugreek are...
cycle Menstrual aids Cloth menstrual pad Menstrual cup Tampon Sanitary pad Dysmenorrhea Menorrhagia Amenorrhoea Menopause Hormone replacement therapy...
Period pains may refer to; Dysmenorrhea, the pain associated with menstruation Period Pains (band), a UK indie-punk band of the 1990s This disambiguation...
musta or musta moola churna, for fevers, digestive system disorders, dysmenorrhea, and other maladies. Ayurvedic physicians use the plant for medicinal...
with hematometra often experience abnormal vaginal bleeding, including dysmenorrhea (pain during menstruation) or amenorrhea (lack of menstruation), while...
cycle Menstrual aids Cloth menstrual pad Menstrual cup Tampon Sanitary pad Dysmenorrhea Menorrhagia Amenorrhoea Menopause Hormone replacement therapy...
reported include weight loss, constipation, dyslipidemia, and in women, dysmenorrhea. The ketogenic diet is a medical nutrition therapy that involves participants...
progestogen therapy includes: Gynecological: changes in vaginal bleeding, dysmenorrhea, increase in size of uterine leiomyomata, vaginitis including vaginal...
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