Diagram of hippocampal regions. DG: Dentate gyrus.
Coronal section of brain immediately in front of pons. (Label for "Gyrus dentatus" is at bottom center.)
Details
Part of
Temporal lobe
Artery
Posterior cerebral Anterior choroidal
Identifiers
Latin
gyrus dentatus
MeSH
D018891
NeuroNames
179
NeuroLex ID
birnlex_1178
TA98
A14.1.09.237 A14.1.09.339
TA2
5521
FMA
61922
Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy
[edit on Wikidata]
The dentate gyrus (DG) is part of the hippocampal formation in the temporal lobe of the brain, which also includes the hippocampus and the subiculum. The dentate gyrus is part of the hippocampal trisynaptic circuit and is thought to contribute to the formation of new episodic memories,[1][2] the spontaneous exploration of novel environments[2] and other functions.[3]
It is notable as being one of a select few brain structures which may have significant rates of adult neurogenesis in many species of mammals, from rodents to primates.[4] Other sites of adult neurogenesis may include the subventricular zone, the striatum[5] and the cerebellum.[6] However, whether significant neurogenesis exists in the adult human dentate gyrus has been a matter of debate.[7][8][9][10][11]
^Cite error: The named reference pmid17765709 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ abSaab BJ, Georgiou J, Nath A, Lee FJ, Wang M, Michalon A, Liu F, Mansuy IM, Roder JC (2009). "NCS-1 in the dentate gyrus promotes exploration, synaptic plasticity, and rapid acquisition of spatial memory". Neuron. 63 (5): 643–56. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2009.08.014. PMID 19755107. S2CID 5321020.
^Scharfman, Helen E., ed. (2011). The Dentate Gyrus: A Comprehensive Guide to Structure, Function, and Clinical Implications. Elsevier. ISBN 978-0-08-055175-3.[page needed]
^Cameron HA, McKay RD (July 2001). "Adult neurogenesis produces a large pool of new granule cells in the dentate gyrus". J. Comp. Neurol. 435 (4): 406–17. doi:10.1002/cne.1040. PMID 11406822. S2CID 15254735.
^Ernst, A; Alkass, K; Bernard, S; Salehpour, M; Perl, S; Tisdale, J; Possnert, G; Druid, H; Frisén, J (27 February 2014). "Neurogenesis in the striatum of the adult human brain". Cell. 156 (5): 1072–83. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2014.01.044. PMID 24561062.
^Ponti G, Peretto P, Bonfanti L (2008). "Genesis of neuronal and glial progenitors in the cerebellar cortex of peripuberal and adult rabbits". PLOS ONE. 3 (6): e2366. Bibcode:2008PLoSO...3.2366P. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002366. PMC 2396292. PMID 18523645.
^Sorrells SF, Paredes MF, Cebrian-Silla A, Sandoval K, Qi D, Kelley KW, et al. (March 2018). "Human hippocampal neurogenesis drops sharply in children to undetectable levels in adults". Nature. 555 (7696): 377–381. Bibcode:2018Natur.555..377S. doi:10.1038/nature25975. PMC 6179355. PMID 29513649.
^Boldrini M, Fulmore CA, Tartt AN, Simeon LR, Pavlova I, Poposka V, et al. (April 2018). "Human Hippocampal Neurogenesis Persists throughout Aging". Cell Stem Cell. 22 (4): 589–599.e5. doi:10.1016/j.stem.2018.03.015. PMC 5957089. PMID 29625071.
^Abbott, Louise C.; Nigussie, Fikru (January 2020). "Adult neurogenesis in the mammalian dentate gyrus". Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia. 49 (1): 3–16. doi:10.1111/ahe.12496. PMID 31568602. S2CID 203622372.
^Cite error: The named reference Tuncdemir was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Zhou, Yi; Su, Yijing; Li, Shiying; Kennedy, Benjamin C.; Zhang, Daniel Y.; Bond, Allison M.; Sun, Yusha; Jacob, Fadi; Lu, Lu; Hu, Peng; Viaene, Angela N.; Helbig, Ingo; Kessler, Sudha K.; Lucas, Timothy; Salinas, Ryan D. (July 2022). "Molecular landscapes of human hippocampal immature neurons across lifespan". Nature. 607 (7919): 527–533. doi:10.1038/s41586-022-04912-w. ISSN 1476-4687. PMC 9316413. PMID 35794479.
The dentategyrus (DG) is part of the hippocampal formation in the temporal lobe of the brain, which also includes the hippocampus and the subiculum....
EC layer II enters the dentategyrus and is relayed to region CA3 (and to mossy cells, located in the hilus of the dentategyrus, which then send information...
cortex (EC) and the dentategyrus (DG). The entorhinal cortex transmits its signals from the parahippocampal gyrus to the dentategyrus via granule cell...
Granule cells are found within the granular layer of the cerebellum, the dentategyrus of the hippocampus, the superficial layer of the dorsal cochlear nucleus...
interlocking parts: the hippocampus proper (also called Ammon's horn), and the dentategyrus. In Alzheimer's disease (and other forms of dementia), the hippocampus...
cingulate gyrus, the isthmus of cingulate gyrus, the fasciolar gyrus, the parahippocampal gyrus, the parahippocampal sulcus, the dentategyrus, the fimbrodentate...
The indusium griseum, (supracallosal gyrus, gyrus epicallosus) consists of a thin membranous layer of grey matter in contact with the upper surface of...
edentulous Dentategyrus of the hippocampus Dentate nucleus of the cerebellum Denticity in chemistry Dentate leaf, a kind of leaf margin Dentate wing, a...
CA3 receives input from the mossy fibers of the granule cells in the dentategyrus, and also from cells in the entorhinal cortex via the perforant path...
is also found in other areas of the brain including the hippocampal dentategyrus. The hippocampus is known to integrate information on a person's spatial...
zone and the dentategyrus of the hippocampus. These areas are where cell growth and proliferation occur into adulthood. The dentategyrus is significantly...
in two regions of the brain: The subgranular zone (SGZ), part of the dentategyrus of the hippocampus, where neural stem cells give birth to granule cells...
Llinás, 1989). Specifically, it appears that in neurons of the CA1 and dentategyrus, these oscillations result from an interplay of dendritic excitation...
entorhinal cortex to all fields of the hippocampal formation, including the dentategyrus, all CA fields (including CA1), and the subiculum. Though it arises...
subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles, the amygdala and the dentategyrus of the hippocampus. In many mammals, including rodents, the olfactory...
including the prefrontal cortex, cingulate gyrus, limbic thalamus, hippocampus including the parahippocampal gyrus and subiculum, nucleus accumbens (limbic...
regions are encompassed by the term, with some authors defining it as the dentategyrus, the hippocampus proper and the subiculum; and others including also...
could compromise the function of dentategyrus neurons and also the function of axons that terminate in the dentategyrus. Many such axons originate in the...
mutation have mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis. Dentategyrus granule cell dispersion refers to a granule cell layer that is widened...
the adult mammalian brain, the subgranular zone in the hippocampal dentategyrus, the subventricular zone around the lateral ventricles, and the hypothalamus...
also known as the hippocampal fissure, is a sulcus that separates the dentategyrus from the subiculum and the CA1 field in the hippocampus. During human...
mineralocorticoid receptors, may positively influence neurogenesis in the dentategyrus. Steroid receptors are intracellular. The aldosterone mineralocorticoid...
(September 2013). "Androgens increase survival of adult-born neurons in the dentategyrus by an androgen receptor-dependent mechanism in male rats". Endocrinology...
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