A Group[1] (previously cultivar-group[2]) is a formal category in the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants (ICNCP) used for cultivated plants (cultivars) that share a defined characteristic.[1] It is represented in a botanical name by the symbol Group or Gp. "Group" or "Gp" is always written with a capital G in a botanical name, or epithet.[a] The Group is not italicized in a plant's name.[1] The ICNCP introduced the term and symbol "Group" in 2004, as a replacement for the lengthy and hyphenated "cultivar-group", which had previously been the category's name since 1969. For the old name "cultivar-group", the non-standard abbreviation cv. group or cv. Group is also sometimes encountered.[3] There is a slight difference in meaning, since a cultivar-group was defined to comprise cultivars,[2] whereas a Group may include individual plants.[1]
The cultivar-groups, in turn, replaced the similar category convariety (convar.), which did not necessarily contain named varieties.[4]
The ICNCP distinguishes between the terms "group" and "Group", a "group" being "an informal taxon not recognized in the ICBN", while a "Group" is the formal taxon defined by the ICNCP (see above).[5]
This categorization does not apply to plant taxonomy generally, only to horticultural and agricultural contexts. Any given Group may have a different taxonomic classification, such as a subspecific name (typically a form or variety name, given in italics) after the genus and species.
A Group is usually united by a distinct common trait, and often includes members of more than one species within a genus.[6] For example, early flowering cultivars in the genus Iris form the Iris Dutch Group. A plant species that loses its taxonomic status in botany, but still has agricultural or horticultural value, meets the criteria for a cultivar group, and its former botanical name can be reused as the name of its cultivar group. For example, Hosta fortunei is usually no longer recognized as a species, and the ICNCP states that the epithet fortunei can be used to form Hosta Fortunei Group.[1]
^ abcdeBrickell, C. D.; et al., eds. (2009). "International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants" (PDF). Scripta Horticulturae. 10 (8th ed.). International Society of Horticultural Science: 1–184. ISBN 978-0-643-09440-6. Art. 3.1: "The formal category which may comprise cultivars, individual plants or combinations thereof on the basis of defined character-based similarity is the Group"; Glossary: "Group - a formal category denoting an assemblage of cultivars, individual plants, or assemblages of plants on the basis of defined similarity"
^ abInternational Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants, 4th edition (1969), 5th edition (1980) and 6th edition (1995)
^CABI's Plantwise database, for example, uses "cv. group".
^Brickell, C. D.; et al., eds. (2009). "International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants" (PDF). Scripta Horticulturae. 10 (8th ed.). International Society of Horticultural Science: 143. ISBN 978-0-643-09440-6.
^"Groups". HorTax.org. HorTax: Cultivated Plant Taxonomy Group. Archived from the original on 2 July 2017. Retrieved 19 July 2016.
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A Group (previously cultivar-group) is a formal category in the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants (ICNCP) used for cultivated plants...
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