In enzymology, a choline oxidase (EC 1.1.3.17) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
choline + O2 betaine aldehyde + H2O2
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are choline and O2, whereas its two products are betaine aldehyde and H2O2.
This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with oxygen as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is choline:oxygen 1-oxidoreductase. This enzyme participates in glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism. It employs one cofactor, FAD.
In enzymology, a cholineoxidase (EC 1.1.3.17) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction choline + O2 ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } betaine...
[(CH3)3NCH2CH2OH]+. Choline forms various salts, for example choline chloride and choline bitartrate. Choline is a quaternary ammonium cation. The cholines are a family...
oxidation of choline in two steps. The intermediate, betaine aldehyde, is generated by the action of the enzyme mitochondrial cholineoxidase (choline dehydrogenase...
enzyme class is choline:acceptor 1-oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include cholineoxidase, choline-cytochrome c reductase, choline:(acceptor) oxidoreductase...
in soil. Arthrobacter pascens produces arthrobactin, porphyrins and cholineoxidase. LPSN lpsn.dsmz.de Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen...
are heterotrophic, meaning they cannot produce their own food. The cholineoxidase activity of A. globiformis has been extensively characterized and is...
important in beta oxidation of fatty acids and catabolism of amino acids and choline, as it accepts electrons from multiple acetyl-CoA dehydrogenases. In plants...
A xanthine oxidase inhibitor is any substance that inhibits the activity of xanthine oxidase, an enzyme involved in purine metabolism. In humans, inhibition...
Choline theophyllinate (INN), also known as oxtriphylline, is a cough medicine derived from xanthine that acts as a bronchodilator to open up airways...
on all four basic neuromediator systems – γ aminobutyric acid (GABA), choline, serotonin and adrenergic activity. Temgicoluril decreases noradrenaline...
harm, this use has not been well studied. Allopurinol is in the xanthine oxidase inhibitor family of medications. Allopurinol was approved for medical use...
experiments were conducted first in mice and then in human patients. Choline (CH) and choline radiolabeled with F-18 (FCH) were both found to primarily migrate...
xanthine oxidase deficiency, is a rare genetic disorder causing the accumulation of xanthine. It is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme xanthine oxidase. It...
physiological pH, urate predominates in solution. The enzyme xanthine oxidase (XO) catalyzes the formation of uric acid from xanthine and hypoxanthine...
market reportedly for lack of effectiveness. Bifemelane acts as a monoamine oxidase inhibitor of both isoenzymes, with competitive (reversible) inhibition...
reactions to other stimulants in the past or are currently taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors should not take methamphetamine. The FDA also advises individuals...
not recommended during pregnancy or breastfeeding. It inhibits xanthine oxidase, thus reducing production of uric acid in the body. Febuxostat was approved...
other drugs. Cyclobenzaprine has major contraindications with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). At least one study also found increased risk of serotonin...
neurotransmitters such as glutamate, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glycine, adenosine, choline (the precursor of acetylcholine), and the endocannabinoids, among others...
Xanthine is subsequently converted to uric acid by the action of the xanthine oxidase enzyme. Xanthine is used as a drug precursor for human and animal medications...
5'-phosphate oxidase, the latter of which also catalyzes the conversion of pyridoxine 5′-phosphate (PNP) to PLP. Pyridoxine 5'-phosphate oxidase is dependent...
for memory. Furthermore, choline can reduce some of the deleterious effects of folate deficiency on neurogenesis. While choline during development is important...
Wurtman RJ, Regan M, Ulus I, Yu L (Oct 2000). "Effect of oral CDP-choline on plasma choline and uridine levels in humans". Biochem. Pharmacol. 60 (7): 989–92...
prevents dopamine storage within vesicles; and deprenyl inhibits monoamine oxidase (MAO)-B and thus increases dopamine levels. The serotonin created by the...
This enzyme breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) into choline and an acetate group. The inhibition of AChE causes an abnormal accumulation...
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