Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Chemical compound
Caftaric acid is a non-flavonoid phenolic compound.
It is found in the juice of grapes[1][2] (Vitis vinifera) and impacts the color of white wine.
It is an esterified phenolic acid, composed of caffeic acid, a hydroxycinnamate produced by plants, and tartaric acid, the principal organic acid found in grape berries. As such, caftaric acid is found in all grape juices and wines.[2] During alcoholic and malolactic fermentation, the ester can be enzymatically hydrolysed, releasing the two constituents. Caffeic acid is susceptible to chemical oxidation, and subsequent redox reactions involving caffeic acid can contribute to wine browning over time, and the straw-gold color that can develop in some white wines after bottling.[2]
Aside from wine, it is abundantly present in raisins. It also occurs in Cichorium intybus (common chicory) and is one of the bioactive components of Echinacea purpurea (Eastern purple coneflower).[3]
Caftaric acid has a good bioavailability when fed in rats. Intact trans-caftaric acid was detected in rat plasma along with its O-methylated derivative trans-fertaric acid.[3]
^C. Y. Lee; A. Jaworski (1987). "Phenolic Compounds in White Grapes Grown in New York". Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 38 (4): 277–281. doi:10.5344/ajev.1987.38.4.277. S2CID 102310452.
^ abcWaterhouse, Andrew; Sacks, Gavin; Jeffery, David (June 17, 2016). "Chapter 13: Non‐flavonoid Phenolics". Understanding Wine Chemistry. Adelaide: Wiley Books. pp. 112–113. ISBN 978-1-118-73072-0.
^ abVanzo, A; Cecotti, R; Vrhovsek, U; Torres, AM; Mattivi, F; Passamonti, S (2007). "The fate of trans-caftaric acid administered into the rat stomach". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 55 (4): 1604–11. doi:10.1021/jf0626819. PMID 17300159.
Caftaricacid is a non-flavonoid phenolic compound. It is found in the juice of grapes (Vitis vinifera) and impacts the color of white wine. It is an...
5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxycinnamic acid or sinapic acid) Caftaricacid – grapes and wine, mainly the trans isomer Coutaric acid – grapes and wine, both trans...
to tartaric acid. It is a metabolite of caftaricacid after caftaricacid has been fed to rats. Fertaric acid is then found in plasma, kidney, and urine...
Anthocyanidin-caftaricacid adducts Astilbin Astringin B type proanthocyanidin dimers B type proanthocyanidin trimers Caffeic acidCaftaricacid Castalagin...
reaction product (2-S glutathionyl caftaricacid) is an oxidation compound produced by action of PPO on caftaricacid and found in wine. This compound production...
categories, such as carotenoids and polyphenols, which include phenolic acids, flavonoids, stilbenes or lignans. Flavonoids can be further divided into...
particular note among these are sugar acids such as glucuronic acid and galacturonic acid, which are oxidized forms of glucose and galactose. Cardenolide...
the presence of a crude grape PPO extract and of caftaricacid forming anthocyanidin-caftaricacid adducts. Phenolic compounds in wine Wine color Malvidin...
betanin, the simplest betacyan. In addition, betalamic acid reacts spontaneously with various amino acids or amines to form yellow-orange colored betaxanthins...
hyaluronic acid in the human body), to protect collagen from damage due to free radicals, and to inhibit the function of HIV-1 integrase. Caftaricacid (monocaffeyltartaric...
absorption A slowing of bile acid absorption in the ileum so bile acids escape through to the cecum Altered or increased bile acid metabolism in the cecum...
plants and structurally diverse. Polyphenols include phenolic acids, flavonoids, tannic acid, and ellagitannin, some of which have been used historically...
the branched-chain fatty acid pathway. To produce capsaicin, 8-methyl-6-nonenoyl-CoA is produced by the branched-chain fatty acid pathway and condensed with...
PMID 16860334. Singleton, V. L.; Zaya, J.; Trousdale, E. K. (1986). "Caftaric and coutaric acids in fruit of Vitis". Phytochemistry. 25 (9): 2127. doi:10...
products made from them. Sterols can be present in the free form and as fatty acid esters and glycolipids. The bound form is usually hydrolyzed in the small...
aromatic amino acid phenylalanine, synthesized in the shikimic acid pathway, is the common precursor of phenol containing amino acids and phenolic compounds...
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