Mixture of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid in a 1:3 molar ratio
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Aqua regia[a]
Names
IUPAC name
Nitric acid trihydrochloride
Other names
Aqua regis
Nitrohydrochloric acid
Royal water
Identifiers
CAS Number
8007-56-5Y
3D model (JSmol)
Interactive image
PubChem CID
90477010
UNII
X3TT5X989EY
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
DTXSID50893666
SMILES
[N+](=O)(O)[O-].Cl.Cl.Cl
Properties
Chemical formula
HNO3 + 3 HCl
Appearance
Fuming liquid. Freshly prepared aqua regia is colorless, but it turns yellow, orange or red within seconds.
Density
1.01–1.21 g/cm3
Melting point
−42 °C (−44 °F; 231 K)
Boiling point
108 °C (226 °F; 381 K)
Solubility in water
Miscible
Vapor pressure
21 mbar
Hazards
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
3
0
0
OX
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references
Chemical compound
Freshly prepared aqua regia to remove metal salt depositsFreshly prepared aqua regia is colorless, but it turns orange within seconds. Here, fresh aqua regia has been added to these NMR tubes to remove all traces of organic material.
Aqua regia (/ˈreɪɡiə,ˈriːdʒiə/; from Latin, "regal water" or "royal water") is a mixture of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid, optimally in a molar ratio of 1:3.[b] Aqua regia is a fuming liquid. Freshly prepared aqua regia is colorless, but it turns yellow, orange or red within seconds from the formation of nitrosyl chloride and nitrogen dioxide. It was named by alchemists because it can dissolve noble metals like gold and platinum, though not all metals.
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Aquaregia (/ˈreɪɡiə, ˈriːdʒiə/; from Latin, "regal water" or "royal water") is a mixture of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid, optimally in a molar ratio...
Truth", after c. 1300), where aquaregia was prepared by adding ammonium chloride to nitric acid. The fact that aquaregia typically is defined as a mixture...
Alchemy Aqua fortis Aquaregia History of ethanol Vodka William Campbell Ottley, A Dictionary of Chemistry, and of Mineralogy (1826) asee "Aqua Vitæ";...
metals do not react with nitric acid, though pure gold does react with aquaregia, a mixture of concentrated nitric acid and hydrochloric acid. However...
platinum, or palladium. If the mark persists, further testing involves aquaregia (nitric acid and hydrochloric acid). If the mark dissolves, the item proves...
NOCl. It is a yellow gas that is commonly encountered as a component of aquaregia, a mixture of 3 parts concentrated hydrochloric acid and 1 part of concentrated...
Eden were released as singles: "Chokehold", "The Summoning", "Granite", "AquaRegia", "Vore" and "DYWTYLM". While the album received divided reviews from...
followed by "The Summoning" the next day, "Granite" two weeks later, and "AquaRegia" the day after. All four tracks released since the start of 2023 were...
tellurides). Gold is resistant to most acids, though it does dissolve in aquaregia (a mixture of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid), forming a soluble tetrachloroaurate...
as hydrogen chloride, mercury(II) chloride (corrosive sublimate), and aquaregia. However, the nature of free chlorine gas as a separate substance was...
can be dissolved in aquaregia. Mercury reacts with oxidising acids. In 2010, US researchers discovered that an organic "aquaregia" in the form of a mixture...
Platinum is insoluble in hydrochloric and nitric acid, but dissolves in hot aquaregia (a mixture of nitric and hydrochloric acids), to form aqueous chloroplatinic...
is stable in air. It resists attack by most acids and bases including aquaregia, but is attacked by F2 and Cl2 at high temperatures, and by hot concentrated...
gold) it is sometimes processed further with aquaregia to effectively remove all the impurities. Aquaregia was also used for parting. It was made by adding...
presumably obtained from South America. His procedure dissolved the ore in aquaregia and neutralized the acid with sodium hydroxide (NaOH). He then precipitated...
corrosion-resistant metal known. It is not attacked by acids, including aquaregia. In the presence of oxygen, it reacts with cyanide salts. Traditional...
Before platinization, the platinum surface is cleaned by immersion in aquaregia (50% solution, i.e., 3 volumes of 12 mol/kg of HCl, 1 volume of 16 mol/kg...
low density, and high strength, resistant to corrosion in sea water, aquaregia, and chlorine. Titanium was discovered in Cornwall, Great Britain, by...
handled as a solution, such as those obtained by dissolution of gold in aquaregia. These solutions can be converted to other gold complexes or reduced to...
The most common of these methods involves dissolution of platinum in aquaregia. Other methods include exposing an aqueous suspension of platinum particles...
presumably obtained from South America. His procedure dissolved the ore in aquaregia and neutralized the acid with sodium hydroxide (NaOH). He then precipitated...
alkalis to give ruthenates (RuO2− 4). It is not attacked by acids (even aquaregia) but is attacked by sodium hypochlorite at room temperature, and halogens...
aquaregia, then reacted with a solution of tin(II) chloride. The tin(II) chloride reduces the chloroauric acid from the dissolution of gold in aqua regia...
ground, in hydrochloric acid. It dissolves readily at room temperature in aquaregia. Palladium does not react with oxygen at standard temperature (and thus...
gold carbonate formed by precipitation by potash from gold dissolved in aquaregia. Galena – lead(II) sulfide. Lead ore. Glass of antimony – impure antimony...
nitrate salts. The mixture of nitric and hydrochloric acids was known as aquaregia (royal water), celebrated for its ability to dissolve gold, the king of...
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