Anemia of chronic inflammation Anemia of inflammation Anemia of inflammatory response
Anemia of chronic disease (ACD)[1][2] or anemia of chronic inflammation[3] is a form of anemia seen in chronic infection, chronic immune activation, and malignancy. These conditions all produce elevation of interleukin-6, which stimulates hepcidin production and release from the liver. Hepcidin production and release shuts down ferroportin, a protein that controls export of iron from the gut and from iron storing cells (e.g. macrophages). As a consequence, circulating iron levels are reduced. Other mechanisms may also play a role, such as reduced erythropoiesis. It is also known as anemia of inflammation,[4] or anemia of inflammatory response.[5]
^"Anemia of chronic disease". MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia. National Library of Medicine. Retrieved 22 February 2022.
^"ICD-11 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics". icd.who.int. Retrieved 6 February 2022.
^Madu AJ, Ughasoro MD (2017). "Anaemia of Chronic Disease: An In-Depth Review". Medical Principles and Practice. 26 (1): 1–9. doi:10.1159/000452104. PMC 5588399. PMID 27756061. Anaemia of chronic disease (ACD) or anaemia of chronic inflammation
^Weiss G, Ganz T, Goodnough LT (January 2019). "Anemia of inflammation". Blood. 133 (1): 40–50. doi:10.1182/blood-2018-06-856500. PMC 6536698. PMID 30401705.
^Bernstein M, Munoz N (2 January 2019). Nutrition for the Older Adult. Jones & Bartlett Learning. p. 473. ISBN 978-1-284-14900-5.
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