This article is about the class of proteins. For the substance sometimes called albumen, see egg white. For the specific albumins found in vertebrate bloodstreams, see serum albumin. For other uses, see Albumin (disambiguation).
Family of globular proteins
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Albumin is a family of globular proteins, the most common of which are the serum albumins. All of the proteins of the albumin family are water-soluble, moderately soluble in concentrated salt solutions, and experience heat denaturation. Albumins are commonly found in blood plasma and differ from other blood proteins in that they are not glycosylated. Substances containing albumins are called albuminoids.
A number of blood transport proteins are evolutionarily related in the albumin family, including serum albumin, alpha-fetoprotein, vitamin D-binding protein and afamin.[3][4][5] This family is only found in vertebrates.[6]
Albumins in a less strict sense can mean other proteins that coagulate under certain conditions. See § Other albumin types for lactalbumin, ovalbumin and plant "2S albumin".
^Sugio S, Kashima A, Mochizuki S, Noda M, Kobayashi K (June 1999). "Crystal structure of human serum albumin at 2.5 A resolution". Protein Engineering. 12 (6): 439–46. doi:10.1093/protein/12.6.439. PMID 10388840.
^He XM, Carter DC (July 1992). "Atomic structure and chemistry of human serum albumin". Nature. 358 (6383): 209–15. Bibcode:1992Natur.358..209H. doi:10.1038/358209a0. PMID 1630489. S2CID 4353741.
^Haefliger DN, Moskaitis JE, Schoenberg DR, Wahli W (October 1989). "Amphibian albumins as members of the albumin, alpha-fetoprotein, vitamin D-binding protein multigene family". Journal of Molecular Evolution. 29 (4): 344–54. Bibcode:1989JMolE..29..344H. doi:10.1007/BF02103621. PMID 2481749. S2CID 1456034.
^Schoentgen F, Metz-Boutigue MH, Jollès J, Constans J, Jollès P (June 1986). "Complete amino acid sequence of human vitamin D-binding protein (group-specific component): evidence of a three-fold internal homology as in serum albumin and alpha-fetoprotein". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Protein Structure and Molecular Enzymology. 871 (2): 189–98. doi:10.1016/0167-4838(86)90173-1. PMID 2423133.
^Lichenstein HS, Lyons DE, Wurfel MM, Johnson DA, McGinley MD, Leidli JC, et al. (July 1994). "Afamin is a new member of the albumin, alpha-fetoprotein, and vitamin D-binding protein gene family". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 269 (27): 18149–54. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(17)32429-8. PMID 7517938.
^Li S, Cao Y, Geng F (2017). "Genome-Wide Identification and Comparative Analysis of Albumin Family in Vertebrates". Evolutionary Bioinformatics Online. 13: 1176934317716089. doi:10.1177/1176934317716089. PMC 5480655. PMID 28680266.
Albumin is a family of globular proteins, the most common of which are the serum albumins. All of the proteins of the albumin family are water-soluble...
Serum albumin, often referred to simply as blood albumin, is an albumin (a type of globular protein) found in vertebrate blood. Human serum albumin is encoded...
Human serum albumin is the serum albumin found in human blood. It is the most abundant protein in human blood plasma; it constitutes about half of serum...
Bovine serum albumin (BSA or "Fraction V") is a serum albumin protein derived from cows. It is often used as a protein concentration standard in lab experiments...
pathological condition wherein the protein albumin is abnormally present in the urine. It is a type of proteinuria. Albumin is a major plasma protein (normally...
urine albumin. It occurs when the kidney leaks small amounts of albumin into the urine, in other words, when an abnormally high permeability for albumin in...
Ovandrotone albumin (INNTooltip International Nonproprietary Name, BANTooltip British Approved Name) (brand names Fecundin, Ovastim), also known as polyandroalbumin...
prothrombin time (PT/INR), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), albumin, bilirubin (direct and indirect), and others. The liver transaminases aspartate...
protein-bound toxins, by means of the presence of albumin in the dialysate (albumin dialysis). The albumin dialysate is then regenerated in a close loop in...
CSF albumin is a measurement used to determine the levels of albumin in cerebrospinal fluid. A closely related test, CSF total protein is a measurement...
40 mg/dL, depending on sampling site. In general, globular proteins and albumin are in lower concentration in ventricular CSF compared to lumbar or cisternal...
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a family of globular proteins that have higher molecular weights than albumins and are insoluble in pure water but dissolve in dilute salt solutions....
with the purpose of extracting albumin from blood plasma. The process is based on the differential solubility of albumin and other plasma proteins based...
Androvax, also known as androstenedione:human serum albumin conjugate, is an immunogen and vaccine against androstenedione that is used in veterinary...
different products made of whey and called whey cheese: Albumin cheese, made by coagulating the albumin in the whey with heat and possibly acid. Examples include...
fetus. FcRn has also been shown to play a role in regulating IgG and serum albumin turnover. Neonatal Fc receptor expression is up-regulated by the proinflammatory...
Hypoalbuminemia (or hypoalbuminaemia) is a medical sign in which the level of albumin in the blood is low. This can be due to decreased production in the liver...
significance (MGUS), or further investigate a discrepancy between a low albumin and a relatively high total protein. Unexplained bone pain, anemia, proteinuria...
Ovalbumin (abbreviated OVA) is the main protein found in egg white, making up approximately 55% of the total protein. Ovalbumin displays sequence and three-dimensional...
other 40%-50% are proteins other than albumin, such as immunoglobins. This is why the concentration of albumin in the urine is one of the single sensitive...
cell membranes. Common blood proteins that drugs bind to are human serum albumin, lipoprotein, glycoprotein, and α, β‚ and γ globulins. A drug in blood...
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