Neonatal fragment crystallizable receptor information

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Structures	Swiss-model
Domains	InterPro

Fc fragment of IgG, receptor, transporter, alpha
Fc fragment of IgG, receptor, transporter, alpha
Identifiers
Symbol	FCGRT
NCBI gene	2217
HGNC	3621
OMIM	601437
RefSeq	NM_004107
UniProt	P55899
Other data
Locus	Chr. 19 q13.3
Structures
Search for
Structures	Swiss-model
Domains	InterPro

The neonatal fragment crystallizable (Fc) receptor (also FcRn, IgG receptor FcRn large subunit p51, or Brambell receptor) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FCGRT gene.^[1]^[2]^[3] It is an IgG Fc receptor which is similar in structure to the MHC class I molecule and also associates with beta-2-microglobulin.^[4]^[5] In rodents, FcRn was originally identified as the receptor that transports maternal immunoglobulin G (IgG) from mother to neonatal offspring via mother's milk, leading to its name as the neonatal Fc receptor.^[6]^[7] In humans, FcRn is present in the placenta where it transports mother's IgG to the growing fetus.^[1]^[8] FcRn has also been shown to play a role in regulating IgG and serum albumin turnover.^[9]^[10]^[11]^[12]^[13] Neonatal Fc receptor expression is up-regulated by the proinflammatory cytokine, TNF, and down-regulated by IFN-γ.^[14]

^ ^a ^b Story CM, Mikulska JE, Simister NE (December 1994). "A major histocompatibility complex class I-like Fc receptor cloned from human placenta: possible role in transfer of immunoglobulin G from mother to fetus". The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 180 (6): 2377–2381. doi:10.1084/jem.180.6.2377. PMC 2191771. PMID 7964511.
^ Kandil E, Egashira M, Miyoshi O, Niikawa N, Ishibashi T, Kasahara M, Miyosi O (July 1996). "The human gene encoding the heavy chain of the major histocompatibility complex class I-like Fc receptor (FCGRT) maps to 19q13.3". Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics. 73 (1–2): 97–98. doi:10.1159/000134316. PMID 8646894.
^ "Entrez Gene: FCGRT Fc fragment of IgG, receptor, transporter, alpha".
^ Simister NE, Mostov KE (1989). "Cloning and expression of the neonatal rat intestinal Fc receptor, a major histocompatibility complex class I antigen homolog". Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology. 54 (Pt 1): 571–580. doi:10.1101/sqb.1989.054.01.068. PMID 2534798.
^ Kuo TT, Aveson VG (2011-01-01). "Neonatal Fc receptor and IgG-based therapeutics". mAbs. 3 (5): 422–430. doi:10.4161/mabs.3.5.16983. PMC 3225846. PMID 22048693.
^ Rodewald R, Kraehenbuhl JP (July 1984). "Receptor-mediated transport of IgG". The Journal of Cell Biology. 99 (1 Pt 2): 159s–164s. doi:10.1083/jcb.99.1.159s. PMC 2275593. PMID 6235233.
^ Simister NE, Rees AR (July 1985). "Isolation and characterization of an Fc receptor from neonatal rat small intestine". European Journal of Immunology. 15 (7): 733–738. doi:10.1002/eji.1830150718. PMID 2988974. S2CID 42396197.
^ Firan M, Bawdon R, Radu C, Ober RJ, Eaken D, Antohe F, et al. (August 2001). "The MHC class I-related receptor, FcRn, plays an essential role in the maternofetal transfer of gamma-globulin in humans". International Immunology. 13 (8): 993–1002. doi:10.1093/intimm/13.8.993. PMID 11470769.
^ Ghetie V, Hubbard JG, Kim JK, Tsen MF, Lee Y, Ward ES (March 1996). "Abnormally short serum half-lives of IgG in beta 2-microglobulin-deficient mice". European Journal of Immunology. 26 (3): 690–696. doi:10.1002/eji.1830260327. PMID 8605939. S2CID 85730132.
^ Cite error: The named reference pmid12566415 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference :11 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Roopenian DC, Akilesh S (September 2007). "FcRn: the neonatal Fc receptor comes of age". Nature Reviews. Immunology. 7 (9): 715–725. doi:10.1038/nri2155. PMID 17703228. S2CID 6980400.
^ Ward ES, Ober RJ (2009). Chapter 4: Multitasking by exploitation of intracellular transport functions the many faces of FcRn. Advances in Immunology. Vol. 103. pp. 77–115. doi:10.1016/S0065-2776(09)03004-1. ISBN 978-0-12-374832-4. PMC 4485553. PMID 19755184.
^ Cite error: The named reference :02 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[pmid7964511-1] Story CM, Mikulska JE, Simister NE (December 1994). "A major histocompatibility complex class I-like Fc receptor cloned from human placenta: possible role in transfer of immunoglobulin G from mother to fetus". The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 180 (6): 2377–2381. doi:10.1084/jem.180.6.2377. PMC 2191771. PMID 7964511.

[pmid8646894-2] Kandil E, Egashira M, Miyoshi O, Niikawa N, Ishibashi T, Kasahara M, Miyosi O (July 1996). "The human gene encoding the heavy chain of the major histocompatibility complex class I-like Fc receptor (FCGRT) maps to 19q13.3". Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics. 73 (1–2): 97–98. doi:10.1159/000134316. PMID 8646894.

[3] "Entrez Gene: FCGRT Fc fragment of IgG, receptor, transporter, alpha".

[4] Simister NE, Mostov KE (1989). "Cloning and expression of the neonatal rat intestinal Fc receptor, a major histocompatibility complex class I antigen homolog". Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology. 54 (Pt 1): 571–580. doi:10.1101/sqb.1989.054.01.068. PMID 2534798.

[:0-5] Kuo TT, Aveson VG (2011-01-01). "Neonatal Fc receptor and IgG-based therapeutics". mAbs. 3 (5): 422–430. doi:10.4161/mabs.3.5.16983. PMC 3225846. PMID 22048693.

[:2-6] Rodewald R, Kraehenbuhl JP (July 1984). "Receptor-mediated transport of IgG". The Journal of Cell Biology. 99 (1 Pt 2): 159s–164s. doi:10.1083/jcb.99.1.159s. PMC 2275593. PMID 6235233.

[:3-7] Simister NE, Rees AR (July 1985). "Isolation and characterization of an Fc receptor from neonatal rat small intestine". European Journal of Immunology. 15 (7): 733–738. doi:10.1002/eji.1830150718. PMID 2988974. S2CID 42396197.

[:15-8] Firan M, Bawdon R, Radu C, Ober RJ, Eaken D, Antohe F, et al. (August 2001). "The MHC class I-related receptor, FcRn, plays an essential role in the maternofetal transfer of gamma-globulin in humans". International Immunology. 13 (8): 993–1002. doi:10.1093/intimm/13.8.993. PMID 11470769.

[:6-9] Ghetie V, Hubbard JG, Kim JK, Tsen MF, Lee Y, Ward ES (March 1996). "Abnormally short serum half-lives of IgG in beta 2-microglobulin-deficient mice". European Journal of Immunology. 26 (3): 690–696. doi:10.1002/eji.1830260327. PMID 8605939. S2CID 85730132.

[pmid12566415-10] Cite error: The named reference pmid12566415 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[:11-11] Cite error: The named reference :11 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[:7-12] Roopenian DC, Akilesh S (September 2007). "FcRn: the neonatal Fc receptor comes of age". Nature Reviews. Immunology. 7 (9): 715–725. doi:10.1038/nri2155. PMID 17703228. S2CID 6980400.

[:5-13] Ward ES, Ober RJ (2009). Chapter 4: Multitasking by exploitation of intracellular transport functions the many faces of FcRn. Advances in Immunology. Vol. 103. pp. 77–115. doi:10.1016/S0065-2776(09)03004-1. ISBN 978-0-12-374832-4. PMC 4485553. PMID 19755184.

[:02-14] Cite error: The named reference :02 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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