Acute retinal necrosis (ARN)[1] is a medical inflammatory condition of the eye.[2] The condition presents itself as a necrotizing retinitis.[3] The inflammation onset is due to certain herpes viruses, varicella zoster virus (VZV), herpes simplex virus (HSV-1 and HSV-2) and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV).[2][3]
People with the condition usually display redness of the eye, white or off-white colored patches that are patches of retinal necrosis.[3] ARN can progress into other conditions such as uveitis, detachment of the retina, and ultimately can lead to blindness.[4]
The disease was first characterized in 1971, in Japan. Akira Urayama and his colleagues had six patients whose cases showed signs of acute necrotizing retinitis, retinal arteritis, choroiditis, and late-onset retinal detachment.[5] The combination of the conditions was given the name acute retinal necrosis.[2] The first reports of ARN came about in 1971. It is unclear whether it was previously just reported as something else. Urayama and his colleagues reported the disease that they saw in six Japanese patients. Since then the disease has been seen in patient's with AIDS, children, and people who are immunocompromised.[2][6] In 1978, Young and Bird named the disease when presented in both eyes, Bilateral Acute Retinal Necrosis, otherwise known as BARN.[6]
^Forster, David (1990). "Rapidly Progressive Outer Retinal Necrosis in the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome". American Journal of Ophthalmology. 110 (4): 341–348. doi:10.1016/S0002-9394(14)77012-6. PMID 2220967.
Acuteretinalnecrosis (ARN) is a medical inflammatory condition of the eye. The condition presents itself as a necrotizing retinitis. The inflammation...
with Acuteretinalnecrosis. Although fairly similar processes, the two forms of retinopathy have different presenting symptoms. AcuteRetinalNecrosis, or...
PMID 17845179. S2CID 22389596. Matsuo T, Koyama M, Matsuo N (July 1990). "Acuteretinalnecrosis as a novel complication of chickenpox in adults". Br J Ophthalmol...
hand, antiviral drugs could also be administered for patients with acuteretinalnecrosis due to varicella-zoster virus retinitis. Vascular endothelial growth...
form of acute vision loss caused by reduced blood flow to the eye; it may be a warning sign of an impending stroke, as both stroke and retinal artery occlusion...
that can flow into the area of ischaemic necrosis. Similar occlusion to blood flow and consequent necrosis can occur as a result of severe vasoconstriction...
complications include other ocular disorders, such as uveitic glaucoma, retinal detachment, optic nerve damage, cataracts, and in some cases, a permanent...
widespread death of retinal ganglion cells. A 2011 study compared the effects of two glial toxins, AAA and Neurostatin, on retinal gliosis in mice. AAA...
of cases. Manifestations in the eye include uveitis, uveoparotitis, and retinal inflammation, which may result in loss of visual acuity or blindness. The...
calcification. Liquefactive necrosis in chronic abscesses may get calcified. Fat necrosis following acute pancreatitis or traumatic fat necrosis in breasts results...
production and precipitation due to prolonged haemolysis. Avascular necrosis (aseptic bone necrosis) of the hip and other major joints may occur as a result of...
tends to improve on the third day. Retinal changes similar to Purtscher's retinopathy may also be present. Retinal changes happens in 50% of the patients...
some chemicals, above all with caustic alkalis such as sodium hydroxide, necrosis of the conjunctiva marked by a deceptively white eye due to vascular closure...
Inflammatory diseases leading to ischemia Sarcoidosis Retinal vasculitis Intermediate uveitis Acuteretinalnecrosis Alternative causes of ischemic vascular disease...
and leads to damage of the tissue supplied by that artery (ischemia and necrosis). A piece of either an arterial or a venous thrombus can break off as an...
general term for the inflammation of veins and arteries that develops into necrosis and narrows the vessels. Tumors, medications, allergic reactions, and infectious...
hyperleukocytosis) is a medical emergency most commonly seen in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. It is characterized by an extremely elevated blast cell...
Poisoning Central retinal artery occlusion Clostridal Myositis and Myonecrosis (Gas gangrene) Crush Injury, Compartment syndrome, and other Acute Traumatic Ischemias...
medication used to treat cancer. Specifically it is used for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), chronic myelogenous leukemia...
20 to 30 billion cells. In contrast to necrosis, which is a form of traumatic cell death that results from acute cellular injury, apoptosis is a highly...
uveitis. Other forms include episcleritis, vitritis, retinitis, papillitis, retinal detachment, and interstitial keratitis. Meningovascular syphilis usually...
the blood–retina barrier, necrosis of the smooth muscles and endothelial cells, exudation of blood and lipids, and retinal ischemia. These changes are...
complications such as placental abruption, acute kidney injury, subcapsular liver hematoma, permanent liver damage, and retinal detachment occur in about 25% of...
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