Western Chalukya Empire information

Western Chalukya Empire
Kalyani Chalukya
Western Chalukya Empire Kalyani Chalukya
975–1184
	Extent of Western Chalukya Empire, 1121 CE.
Status	Empire; (Subordinate to Rashtrakuta until 973)
Capital	Manyakheta; Basavakalyan
Common languages	Kannada; Sanskrit
Religion	Hinduism; Jainism
Government	Monarchy
King
• 957 – 997	Tailapa II
• 1184 – 1189	Someshvara IV
History
• Earliest records	957
• Established	975
• Disestablished	1184
Preceded by	Succeeded by
	Rashtrakuta dynasty
Hoysala Kingdom
Kakatiya dynasty
Seuna (Yadava) dynasty

The Western Chalukya Empire ruled most of the western Deccan, South India, between the 10th and 12th centuries. This Kannada dynasty is sometimes called the Kalyani Chalukya after its regal capital at Kalyani, today's Basavakalyan in the modern Bidar District of Karnataka state, and alternatively the Later Chalukya from its theoretical relationship to the 6th-century Chalukya dynasty of Badami. The dynasty is called Western Chalukyas to differentiate from the contemporaneous Eastern Chalukyas of Vengi, a separate dynasty. Prior to the rise of these Chalukyas, the Rashtrakuta empire of Manyakheta controlled most of Deccan and Central India for over two centuries. In 973, seeing confusion in the Rashtrakuta empire after a successful invasion of their capital by the ruler of the Paramara dynasty of Malwa, Tailapa II, a feudatory of the Rashtrakuta dynasty ruling from Bijapur region defeated his overlords and made Manyakheta his capital. The dynasty quickly rose to power and grew into an empire under Someshvara I who moved the capital to Kalyani.

For over a century, the two empires of Southern India, the Western Chalukyas and the Chola dynasty of Tanjore fought many fierce wars to control the fertile region of Vengi. During these conflicts, the Eastern Chalukyas of Vengi, distant cousins of the Western Chalukyas but related to the Cholas by marriage took sides with the Cholas further complicating the situation. During the rule of Vikramaditya VI, in the late 11th and early 12th centuries, the Western Chalukyas convincingly contended with the Cholas and reached a peak ruling territories that spread over most of the Deccan, between the Narmada River in the north and Kaveri River in the south.^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6] His exploits were not limited to the south for even as a prince, during the rule of Someshvara I, he had led successful military campaigns as far east as modern Bihar and Bengal.^[7]^[8]^[9] During this period the other major ruling families of the Deccan, the Hoysalas, the Seuna Yadavas of Devagiri, the Kakatiya dynasty and the Southern Kalachuris of Kalyani, were subordinates of the Western Chalukyas and gained their independence only when the power of the Chalukya waned during the later half of the 12th century.

The Western Chalukyas developed an architectural style known today as a transitional style, an architectural link between the style of the early Chalukya dynasty and that of the later Hoysala empire. Most of its monuments are in the districts bordering the Tungabhadra River in central Karnataka. Well known examples are the Kasivisvesvara Temple at Lakkundi, the Mallikarjuna Temple at Kuruvatti, the Kallesvara Temple at Bagali and the Mahadeva Temple at Itagi. This was an important period in the development of fine arts in Southern India, especially in literature as the Western Chalukya kings encouraged writers in their native language Kannada and Sanskrit.

^ Sen, Sailendra (2013). A Textbook of Medieval Indian History. Primus Books. pp. 52–53. ISBN 978-93-80607-34-4.
^ Schwartzberg, Joseph E. (1978). A Historical atlas of South Asia. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 147, map XIV.3 (e). ISBN 0226742210.
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[sen2-1] Sen, Sailendra (2013). A Textbook of Medieval Indian History. Primus Books. pp. 52–53. ISBN 978-93-80607-34-4.

[2] Schwartzberg, Joseph E. (1978). A Historical atlas of South Asia. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 147, map XIV.3 (e). ISBN 0226742210.

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Western Chalukya Empire information

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Western Chalukya Empire

Chalukya dynasty

Western Chalukya architecture

Deccan Plateau

Western Chalukya literature in Kannada

Hoysala Kingdom

Chola Empire

History of South India

Basavakalyan

Western Chalukya society

History of India

Western Ganga dynasty

Nanda Empire

Badami Chalukya architecture

North Karnataka

Bijjala II

History of Maharashtra

Kakatiya dynasty

Rashtrakuta Empire

Western Chalukya temples

Shunga Empire

Sena dynasty

Kannada

List of empires

History of Karnataka

Maharashtra

Eastern Chalukyas