Early medieval period Indian empire (r. mid-6th to 10th century)
Rashtrakutas of Manyakheta
753 CE–982 CE
Core extent of Rashtrakuta Empire, 800 CE, 915 CE.
[1]
Status
Empire
Capital
Manyakheta
Common languages
Kannada Sanskrit
Religion
Hinduism Jainism Buddhism[2]
Government
Monarchy
Maharaja
• 735–756
Dantidurga
• 973–982
Indra IV
History
• Earliest Rashtrakuta records
753 CE
• Established
753 CE
• Disestablished
982 CE
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Chalukya dynasty
Western Chalukya Empire
Today part of
India
Rashtrakuta dynasty
Dantidurga
735 – 756
Krishna I
756 – 774
Govinda II
774 – 780
Dhruva Dharavarsha
780 – 793
Govinda III
793 – 814
Amoghavarsha
814 – 878
Krishna II
878 – 914
Indra III
914 – 929
Amoghavarsha II
929 – 930
Govinda IV
930 – 936
Amoghavarsha III
936 – 939
Krishna III
939 – 967
Khottiga
967 – 972
Karka II
972 – 973
Indra IV
973 – 982
Rashtrakuta (IAST: rāṣṭrakūṭa) (r. 753 – 982 CE) was a Hindu dynasty ruling large parts of the Indian subcontinent between the 6th and 10th centuries. The earliest known Rashtrakuta inscription is a 7th-century copper plate grant detailing their rule from Manapur, a city in Central or West India. Other ruling Rashtrakuta clans from the same period mentioned in inscriptions were the kings of Achalapur and the rulers of Kannauj. Several controversies exist regarding the origin of these early Rashtrakutas, their native homeland and their language.
The Elichpur clan was a feudatory of the Badami Chalukyas, and during the rule of Dantidurga, it overthrew Chalukya Kirtivarman II and went on to build an empire with the Gulbarga region in modern Karnataka as its base. This clan came to be known as the Rashtrakutas of Manyakheta, rising to power in South India in 753 AD. At the same time the Pala dynasty of Bengal and the Prathihara dynasty of Malwa were gaining force in eastern and northwestern India respectively. An Arabic text, Silsilat al-Tawarikh (851), called the Rashtrakutas one of the four principal empires of the world.[3]
This period, between the 8th and the 10th centuries, saw a tripartite struggle for the resources of the rich Gangetic plains, each of these three empires annexing the seat of power at Kannauj for short periods of time. At their peak the Rashtrakutas of Manyakheta ruled a vast empire stretching from the Ganges River and Yamuna River doab in the north to Kanyakumari in the south, a fruitful time of political expansion, architectural achievements and famous literary contributions. The early kings of this dynasty were influenced by Hinduism and the later kings by Jainism.
During their rule, Jain mathematicians and scholars contributed important works in Kannada and Sanskrit. Amoghavarsha I, the most famous king of this dynasty wrote Kavirajamarga, a landmark literary work in the Kannada language. Architecture reached a milestone in the Dravidian style, the finest example of which is seen in the Kailasanatha Temple at Ellora in modern Maharashtra. Other important contributions are the Kashivishvanatha temple and the Jain Narayana temple at Pattadakal in modern Karnataka, both of which are UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
^Schwartzberg, Joseph E. (1978). A Historical atlas of South Asia. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 146, map XIV.2 (h). ISBN 0226742210.
^The Rise and Decline of Buddhism in India, K.L. Hazara, Munshiram Manoharlal, 1995, pp288–294
^Reu (1933), p39
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