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Voiceless velar approximant
ɰ̊
IPA Number
154 402A
Audio sample
source · help
Encoding
Entity (decimal)
ɰ̊
Unicode (hex)
U+0270 U+030A
X-SAMPA
M\_0
The voiceless velar fricative is a type of consonantal sound used in some spoken languages. It was part of the consonant inventory of Old English and can still be found in some dialects of English, most notably in Scottish English, e.g. in loch, broch or saugh (willow).
The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨x⟩, the Latin letter x. It is also used in broad transcription instead of the symbol ⟨χ⟩, the Greek chi, for the voiceless uvular fricative.
There is also a voiceless post-velar fricative (also called pre-uvular) in some languages, which can be transcribed as [x̠] or [χ̟]. For voiceless pre-velar fricative (also called post-palatal), see voiceless palatal fricative.
Some scholars also posit the voiceless velar approximant distinct from the fricative, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ɰ̊⟩, but this symbol is not suitable in case of the voiceless velar approximant that is unspecified for rounding (the sound represented by the symbol ⟨ɰ̊⟩ is specified as unrounded), which is best transcribed as ⟨x̞⟩, ⟨ɣ̞̊⟩ or ⟨ɣ̊˕⟩ - see voiced velar approximant.
The velar approximant can in many cases be considered the semivocalic equivalent of the voiceless variant of the close back unrounded vowel ⟨ɯ̊⟩.
and 23 Related for: Voiceless velar fricative information
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fricative articulated at the middle or front of the soft palate. For a voiceless pre-uvular fricative (also called post-velar), see voicelessvelar fricative...
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with consonants. For example, in the Athabaskan language Hupa, voicelessvelarfricatives distinguish three degrees of labialization, transcribed either...
the voiceless pharyngeal fricative with the voicelessvelar (or uvular) fricative. However, phonetic studies have shown that the so-called voiceless pharyngeal...
The voiced velarfricative is a type of consonantal sound that is used in various spoken languages. It is not found in most varieties of Modern English...
of velar fricatives: Voiced velarfricative, a consonant sound written as ⟨ɣ⟩ in the International Phonetic Alphabet Voicelessvelarfricative, a consonant...
is reconstructed for Proto-Indo-European. Apart from the voiceless plosive [k], no other velar consonant is particularly common, even the [w] and [ŋ] that...
The voicelessvelar lateral affricate is a relatively uncommon speech sound found as a phoneme in the Caucasus and as an allophone in several languages...
lenition to /x/ (initially) and /h/ (non-initially). The use of the voicelessvelarfricative is heavy in the eastern Assamese dialects and decreases progressively...
The voiceless uvular plosive or stop is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. It is pronounced like a voicelessvelar plosive [k]...
articulation of the prototypical voiced palatal fricative but not as back as the prototypical voiced velarfricative. The International Phonetic Alphabet does...
The velar ejective fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents...
pronunciation of ⟨rr⟩ is voiceless, either as a voicelessvelarfricative [x], voiceless uvular fricative [χ] or a voiceless glottal fricative [h]. In many dialects...
The voiceless dental non-sibilant fricative is a type of consonantal sound used in some spoken languages. It is familiar to English speakers as the 'th'...
The voiceless labiodental fricative is a type of consonantal sound used in a number of spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet...
usually a velarfricative ([x], [ɣ]), voiceless uvular fricative [χ], or glottal transition ([h], [ɦ]), except in southern Brazil, where alveolar, velar and...
the voiceless alveolo-palatal fricative /ɕ/, for instance in 'Xi', [ɕi]. In the International Phonetic Alphabet, ⟨x⟩ represents a voicelessvelar fricative...
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