Tryptase (EC 3.4.21.59, ) is the most abundant secretory granule-derived serine proteinase contained in mast cells and has been used as a marker for mast cell activation.[1][2][3][4][5] Club cells contain tryptase, which is believed to be responsible for cleaving the hemagglutinin surface protein of influenza A virus, thereby activating it and causing the symptoms of flu.[6]
^Tanaka T, McRae BJ, Cho K, Cook R, Fraki JE, Johnson DA, Powers JC (November 1983). "Mammalian tissue trypsin-like enzymes. Comparative reactivities of human skin tryptase, human lung tryptase, and bovine trypsin with peptide 4-nitroanilide and thioester substrates" (PDF). The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 258 (22): 13552–7. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(17)43949-4. PMID 6358206.
^Vanderslice P, Ballinger SM, Tam EK, Goldstein SM, Craik CS, Caughey GH (May 1990). "Human mast cell tryptase: multiple cDNAs and genes reveal a multigene serine protease family". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 87 (10): 3811–5. doi:10.1073/pnas.87.10.3811. PMC 53993. PMID 2187193.
^Kido H, Fukusen N, Katunuma N (June 1985). "Chymotrypsin- and trypsin-type serine proteases in rat mast cells: properties and functions". Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics. 239 (2): 436–43. doi:10.1016/0003-9861(85)90709-X. PMID 3890754.
^Cromlish JA, Seidah NG, Marcinkiewicz M, Hamelin J, Johnson DA, Chrétien M (January 1987). "Human pituitary tryptase: molecular forms, NH2-terminal sequence, immunocytochemical localization, and specificity with prohormone and fluorogenic substrates". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 262 (3): 1363–73. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(19)75795-0. PMID 3543004.
^Harvima IT, Schechter NM, Harvima RJ, Fräki JE (November 1988). "Human skin tryptase: purification, partial characterization and comparison with human lung tryptase". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Protein Structure and Molecular Enzymology. 957 (1): 71–80. doi:10.1016/0167-4838(88)90158-6. PMID 3140898.
^Taubenberger JK (August 1998). "Influenza virus hemagglutinin cleavage into HA1, HA2: no laughing matter". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 95 (17): 9713–5. doi:10.1073/pnas.95.17.9713. PMC 33880. PMID 9707539.
symptoms of flu. Tryptase is also known by mast cell tryptase, mast cell protease II, skin tryptase, lung tryptase, pituitary tryptase, mast cell neutral...
cells. Mediators include leukotrienes, histamines, prostaglandin, and tryptase. Mast cell activation can be localized or systemic, but a diagnosis of...
typically based on the symptoms and may be supported by a normal blood tryptase. If a number of people who eat the same fish develop symptoms, the diagnosis...
of systemic disease the level of serum tryptase in the blood can be of help. If the base level of s-tryptase is elevated, this implies that the mastocytosis...
Tryptase alpha-1 and tryptase beta-1 are enzymes that in humans are encoded by the same TPSAB1 gene. Beta tryptases appear to be the main isoenzymes expressed...
peroxidase). Mast cell tryptase is an enzyme contained in mast cell granules. Mast cell numbers are best estimated by tryptase immunostaining because...
environment during mast cell degranulation include: serine proteases, such as tryptase and chymase histamine (2–5 picograms per mast cell) serotonin proteoglycans...
ISBN 978-1-4665-0543-8. PMID 24830021. Caughey GH (June 2007). "Mast cell tryptases and chymases in inflammation and host defense". Immunological Reviews...
inhibits the degranulation of mast cells, prevents release of histamine and tryptase, so preventing the synthesis of prostaglandins and leukotrienes. US Production...
of less than 90 mmHg is often used. During an attack, blood tests for tryptase or histamine (released from mast cells) might be useful in diagnosing anaphylaxis...
Tryptase beta-2, also known as tryptase II, is a proteolytic enzyme that in humans is encoded by the TPSB2 gene. Formerly, the enzyme was known as Tryptase...
electrolytes, kidney function, liver enzymes) are typically performed. Mast cell tryptase levels may be elevated if the attack was due to an acute allergic (anaphylactic)...
Tryptase gamma, also known as serine protease 31 or transmembrane tryptase, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the TPSG1 gene. Tryptases comprise...
inhibits a large number of Lys/Arg specific serine proteinases, and is also a tryptase inhibitor, which is implicated in leaking blood vessels which is symptomatic...
Tryptase delta is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the TPSD1 gene. Tryptases comprise a family of trypsin-like serine proteases, the peptidase family...
strychnine and can last from a few hours up to several days. It is also a weak tryptase (type of serine protease) inhibitor and found in Leptonychia pubescens...
form both ciliated and non-ciliated epithelial cells. Club cells contain tryptase, which is believed to be responsible for cleaving the hemagglutinin surface...
Brain-specific serine protease 4 (BSSP-4), also known as serine protease 22 or tryptase epsilon, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PRSS22 gene. This...
lymphocyte serine protease, TSP-1, T-cell derived serine proteinase) is a tryptase and is one of the five granzymes encoded in the human genome. In humans...
iodinated contrast agent is associated with increase in histamine and tryptase concentration in blood. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) 50 mg orally or intravenously...
and explosive release of "pre-formed mediators", including histamine and tryptase, from mast cells and basophils throughout the body. Despite the belief...
human tryptase-2 (TRYP2) and human granzyme A (HFSP), both map to chromosome 5q11-q12 and define a new locus for cytotoxic lymphocyte granule tryptases"....
mast cells bind an allergen, they produce TSLP indirectly by releasing tryptase in an FcεRI-dependent manner, activating PARs on epithelial cells and causing...
73.291. PMID 9165365. Ma C, Li H, Lu S, Li X, Wang S, Wang W (2023). "Tryptase and Exogenous Trypsin: Mechanisms and Ophthalmic Applications". J Inflamm...
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