Scombroid food poisoning, also known as simply scombroid, is a foodborne illness that typically results from eating spoiled fish.[2][4] Symptoms may include flushed skin, sweating, headache, itchiness, blurred vision, abdominal cramps and diarrhea.[2][5] Onset of symptoms is typically 10 to 60 minutes after eating and can last for up to two days.[2] Rarely, breathing problems, difficulty swallowing, redness of the mouth, or an irregular heartbeat may occur.[2][5]
Scombroid occurs from eating fish high in histamine due to inappropriate storage or processing.[2] Fish commonly implicated include tuna, mackerel, mahi mahi, escolar, sardine, anchovy, bonito, herring, bluefish, amberjack, and marlin.[2][6] These fish naturally have high levels of histidine, which is converted to histamine when bacterial growth occurs during improper storage.[2] Subsequent cooking, smoking, or freezing does not eliminate the histamine.[2] Diagnosis is typically based on the symptoms and may be supported by a normal blood tryptase.[2][1] If a number of people who eat the same fish develop symptoms, the diagnosis is more likely.[2]
Prevention is by refrigerating or freezing fish right after it is caught.[2] Treatment is generally with antihistamines such as diphenhydramine and ranitidine.[2] Epinephrine may be used for severe symptoms.[3] Along with ciguatera fish poisoning, it is one of the most common type of seafood poisoning.[2] It occurs globally in both temperate and tropical waters.[2] Only one death has been reported.[3] The condition was first described in 1799.[1]
^ abcdefRidolo, E; Martignago, I; Senna, G; Ricci, G (October 2016). "Scombroid syndrome: it seems to be fish allergy but... it isn't". Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 16 (5): 516–21. doi:10.1097/ACI.0000000000000297. PMID 27466827. S2CID 21610715.
^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwx"Food Poisoning from Marine Toxins - Chapter 2 - 2018 Yellow Book". CDC. 2017. Retrieved 1 June 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
^ abcdeFeng, C; Teuber, S; Gershwin, ME (February 2016). "Histamine (Scombroid) Fish Poisoning: a Comprehensive Review". Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology. 50 (1): 64–9. doi:10.1007/s12016-015-8467-x. PMID 25876709. S2CID 34835091.
^Nutrition, Center for Food Safety and Applied (2022-01-21). "Scombrotoxin Poisoning and Decomposition". FDA.
^ ab"Scombroid Fish Poisoning". www.cdph.ca.gov. Retrieved 2023-07-25.
^Nikov, Dim (2023-07-24). "Why Does Tuna Hurt My Stomach?". Home Cook World. Retrieved 2023-07-25.
and 29 Related for: Scombroid food poisoning information
Scombroidfoodpoisoning, also known as simply scombroid, is a foodborne illness that typically results from eating spoiled fish. Symptoms may include...
during a Santería ritual.[citation needed] Algal bloom Red tide Scombroidfoodpoisoning Yessotoxin Friedman, MA; Fernandez, M; Backer, LC; Dickey, RW;...
Scombridae, a family of fish which are widely consumed globally Scombroidfoodpoisoning, which is typically associated with eating spoiled fish This disambiguation...
mackerel spoils quickly, especially in the tropics, and can cause scombroidfoodpoisoning. Accordingly, it should be eaten on the day of capture, unless...
Ciguatera poisoning can occur from eating larger fish from warm tropical waters, such as sea bass, grouper, barracuda and red snapper. Scombroidpoisoning can...
Sri Lanka, pesticide poisonings from short-term very high level of exposure (acute poisoning) is the most worrisome type of poisoning. However, in developed...
Paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) is one of the four recognized syndromes of shellfish poisoning, which share some common features and are primarily...
mackerel spoils quickly, especially in the tropics, and can cause scombroidfoodpoisoning. Accordingly, it should be eaten on the day of capture, unless...
and fisheries term for exoskeleton-bearing aquatic invertebrates used as food, including various species of molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms. Although...
Thunnus Scombroidfoodpoisoning Mackerel as food Orrell, T.M.; Collette, B.B; Johnson, G.D. (2006). "Molecular data support separate Scombroid and Xiphioid...
shellfish poisoning in humans when eaten whole. If suspected, medical attention should be sought. Bagnun Bagna càuda "What's an oily fish?". Food Standards...
people suffer from ciguatera every year), mortality is very low. Scombroidfoodpoisoning, is also a seafood illness. It is typically caused by eating fish...
Cyanide poisoning is poisoning that results from exposure to any of a number of forms of cyanide. Early symptoms include headache, dizziness, fast heart...
aid in digestion, and, most importantly, feed the fish highly nutritious foods. By doing maintaining these three factors will give the fish the best chance...
Persistent vomiting is often associated with iron poisoning and also used to determine severity of iron poisoning. Laboratory tests such as measuring the peak...
literature. Found in warm seas, the tuna is commercially fished extensively as a food fish, and is popular as a bluewater game fish. As a result of overfishing...
squid' forms in various establishments, often served as a bar snack, street food, or starter. Squid can be prepared for consumption in a number of other ways...
24–26 °C. Fin rot can be prevented with good water quality, feeding fresh food in small portions and maintaining constant water temperature. Keeping the...
Lead poisoning, also known as plumbism and saturnism, is a type of metal poisoning caused by lead in the body. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, constipation...
commercial consumption. The customer in the lawsuit claimed to have been poisoned by eating an isopod cooked inside a snapper. The case, however, was dropped...
porphyrias. This may be caused by IgG binding, not IgE. This is termed scombroidfoodpoisoning. Ingestion of free histamine released by bacterial decay in fish...
Typically, poisoning is caused by eating fish which have fed on Lyngbya or on other fish which have done so; this is called ciguatera poisoning. Handling...
cucumbers are marine animals of the class Holothuroidea. They can be used as food, in fresh or dried form, in various cuisines. In some cultural contexts the...
wikidata descriptions as a fallback Paralytic shellfish poisoning – Syndrome of shellfish poisoning Tetrodotoxin – NeurotoxinPages displaying short descriptions...
in Maine in 2017. The eel was a cheap, nutritious and readily available food source for the people of London; European eels were once so common in the...
variety of foods, including but not limited to fish, crustaceans, and cephalopods. They are unique among tuna in that their primary food source is cephalopods...
spirit" and its status "rests on three post–Industrial Revolution convenience foods: canned tuna, presliced wheat bread, and mayonnaise," according to James...
Global Information
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
