Structure of boron trifluoride, an example of a molecule with trigonal planar geometry.
In chemistry, trigonal planar is a molecular geometry model with one atom at the center and three atoms at the corners of an equilateral triangle, called peripheral atoms, all in one plane.[1] In an ideal trigonal planar species, all three ligands are identical and all bond angles are 120°. Such species belong to the point group D3h. Molecules where the three ligands are not identical, such as H2CO, deviate from this idealized geometry. Examples of molecules with trigonal planar geometry include boron trifluoride (BF3), formaldehyde (H2CO), phosgene (COCl2), and sulfur trioxide (SO3). Some ions with trigonal planar geometry include nitrate (NO− 3), carbonate (CO2− 3), and guanidinium (C(NH 2)+ 3). In organic chemistry, planar, three-connected carbon centers that are trigonal planar are often described as having sp2 hybridization.[2][3]
Nitrogen inversion is the distortion of pyramidal amines through a transition state that is trigonal planar.
Pyramidalization is a distortion of this molecular shape towards a tetrahedral molecular geometry. One way to observe this distortion is in pyramidal alkenes.[1]
^ abMarch, Jerry (1985). Advanced organic chemistry : reactions, mechanisms, and structure (3rd ed.). New York: Wiley. ISBN 0-471-88841-9. OCLC 10998226.
^Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. (2001). Inorganic Chemistry. San Diego: Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.
^Miessler, G. L.; Tarr, D. A. (2004). Inorganic Chemistry (3rd ed.). Pearson/Prentice Hall. ISBN 0-13-035471-6.
and 29 Related for: Trigonal planar molecular geometry information
In chemistry, trigonalplanar is a moleculargeometry model with one atom at the center and three atoms at the corners of an equilateral triangle, called...
In chemistry, a trigonal bipyramid formation is a moleculargeometry with one atom at the center and 5 more atoms at the corners of a triangular bipyramid...
In chemistry, a trigonal pyramid is a moleculargeometry with one atom at the apex and three atoms at the corners of a trigonal base, resembling a tetrahedron...
carbon dioxide and nitric oxide have a linear molecular shape. Trigonalplanar: Molecules with the trigonalplanar shape are somewhat triangular and in one...
tetrahedral moleculargeometry at the boron atom. The structure of the orthoborate ion ([BO3]3−). This anion has a trigonalplanarmoleculargeometry. The structure...
Indiana University Molecular Structure Center Interactive molecular examples for point groups Molecular Modeling Animated TrigonalPlanar Visual v t e...
Indiana University Molecular Structure Center Interactive molecular examples for point groups Molecular Modeling Animated TrigonalPlanar Visual VSEPR...
valence electron pairs surround a central atom, they adopt a trigonal bipyramidal moleculargeometry with two collinear axial positions and three equatorial...
Molecules Indiana University Molecular Structure Center Interactive molecular examples for point groups Molecular Modeling Animated TrigonalPlanar Visual...
compound of boron and iodine with chemical formula BI3. It has a trigonalplanarmoleculargeometry. Boron triiodide can be prepared by the reaction of boron...
to the molecular point group D5h. The pentagonal bipyramid is a case where bond angles surrounding an atom are not identical (see also trigonal bipyramidal...
this geometry, as opposed to trigonal bipyramidal, exhibit heavier vibration. The mechanism used is similar to the Berry mechanism. Some molecular compounds...
carbon with trigonalplanarmoleculargeometry. This allows two different ways for the nucleophilic attack, one on either side of the planar molecule. If...
xanthate salts, like that of the carbonates and the esters has trigonalplanarmoleculargeometry. The central carbon atom is sp2-hybridized. Xanthatic acids...
D2h molecular symmetry. The terminal B-H stretching vibrations which are active in IR are B2u and B3u. Fac-Mo(CO)3(CH3CH2CN)3, has C3v geometry. The...
not be energetically favored for TsF3, predicting instead a trigonalplanarmoleculargeometry (AX3E0). This shows that VSEPR theory may not be consistent...
are found in several commercial chemicals. Thioureas have a trigonalplanarmoleculargeometry of the N2C=S core. The C=S bond distance is near 1.71 Å, which...
When τ5 is close to 0 the geometry is similar to square pyramidal, while if τ5 is close to 1 the geometry is similar to trigonal bipyramidal: Extreme values...
more complex molecule. For example, boron trifluoride (BF3) has a trigonalplanar arrangement of three polar bonds at 120°. This results in no overall...
the phosphorus atom to the five halogens have approximately trigonal bipyramidal geometry. Thus two stereoisomers with that formula are possible, depending...
drawn between the ligands. Other common coordination geometries are tetrahedral and square planar. Crystal field theory may be used to explain the relative...
The many applications of triangular bipyramid include the trigonal bipyramid moleculargeometry that describes its atom cluster, the solution of Thomson...
prism appear in chemistry as the basis for the tricapped trigonal prismatic moleculargeometry, and in mathematical optimization as a solution to the Thomson...
In geometry, an octahedron (pl.: octahedra or octahedrons) is a polyhedron with eight faces. The term is most commonly used to refer to the regular octahedron...
Linear for two-coordination Trigonalplanar for three-coordination Tetrahedral or square planar for four-coordination Trigonal bipyramidal for five-coordination...
splitting will be lower than in the octahedral case. Square planar and other complex geometries can also be described by CFT. The size of the gap Δ between...
linear 2-coordinate, trigonalplanar, and tetrahedral moleculargeometry. Examples include linear [CuCl2]− and trigonalplanar [CuCl3]2−. Cyanide gives...
Global Information
