Theophylline, also known as 1,3-dimethylxanthine, is a drug that inhibits phosphodiesterase and blocks adenosine receptors.[1] It is used to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma.[2] Its pharmacology is similar to other methylxanthine drugs (e.g., theobromine and caffeine).[1] Trace amounts of theophylline are naturally present in tea, coffee, chocolate, yerba maté, guarana, and kola nut.[1][3]
The name 'theophylline' derives from "Thea"—the former genus name for tea + Legacy Greek φύλλον (phúllon, "leaf") + -ine.
^ abc"Theophylline". PubChem, US National Library of Medicine. 26 August 2023. Retrieved 2 September 2023.
^Barnes PJ (October 2013). "Theophylline". American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. 188 (8): 901–906. doi:10.1164/rccm.201302-0388PP. PMID 23672674.
^IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans (1991). "Coffee, Tea, Mate, Methylxanthines and Methylglyoxal". IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. 51. International Agency for Research on Cancer: 391–419. PMC 7681294. PMID 2033791.
Theophylline, also known as 1,3-dimethylxanthine, is a drug that inhibits phosphodiesterase and blocks adenosine receptors. It is used to treat chronic...
and theophylline and a prodrug to both. It is also spelled phenethylline and fenetylline (INN); other names for it are amphetaminoethyltheophylline and...
Paraxanthine, also known as 1,7-dimethylxanthine, is a metabolite of theophylline and theobromine, two well-known stimulants found in coffee, tea, and...
emphysema. It is a combination drug containing three active ingredients - theophylline, ephedrine, phenobarbital. This medication relaxes the smooth muscle...
is also classified as a dimethyl xanthine. Related compounds include theophylline, caffeine, paraxanthine, and 7-methylxanthine, each of which differ in...
(an ethanolamine derivative) and 8-chlorotheophylline (a chlorinated theophylline derivative) in a 1:1 ratio. Dimenhydrinate was introduced to the market...
Aminophylline is a compound of the bronchodilator theophylline with ethylenediamine in 2:1 ratio. The ethylenediamine improves solubility, and the aminophylline...
treatment of chronic respiratory diseases such as asthma and COPD. Like theophylline, it is a xanthine derivative. Doxophylline is used to treat chronic respiratory...
organisms. Several stimulants are derived from xanthine, including caffeine, theophylline, and theobromine. Xanthine is a product on the pathway of purine degradation...
roxithromycin is administered with theophylline, some studies have shown an increase in the plasma concentration of theophylline. A change in dosage is usually...
Caffeine only reduces occurrence. Theophylline is no longer used as a respiratory analeptic in newborn infants. Theophylline has a very narrow therapeutic...
Adrenergic agonists Atropine Dopamine Epinephrine Isoproterenol Milrinone Theophylline Chronotropic variables can be considered in systolic myocardial left...
mescaline, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), cannabis, chloral hydrate, theophylline, IBMX and others, can have strong effects on certain animals. It is believed...
receptor. Notable adenosine A2A receptor antagonists include caffeine, theophylline and istradefylline. Adenosine A2A receptor locations in the body could...
(chocolate). Theophylline (4%): Relaxes smooth muscles of the bronchi, and is used to treat asthma. The therapeutic dose of theophylline, however, is...
(short- and long-acting), anticholinergics (short- and long-acting), and theophylline (long-acting). These are quick-relief or "rescue" medications that provide...
plasma levels of theophylline and decrease its clearance from the body, sometimes resulting in accidental overdose of theophylline. Viloxazine acts as...
increase the plasma levels of theophylline. There are some cases of theophylline slowing down isoniazid elimination. Both theophylline and isoniazid levels should...
xanthine alkaloids other than caffeine, including the cardiac stimulants theophylline, theobromine and other substances such as polyphenols, which can form...
Clinical data Trade names Lufyllin Other names 7-(2,3-Dihydroxy-propyl)theophylline AHFS/Drugs.com Consumer Drug Information MedlinePlus a682494 Routes of...
countries for prolonging the QT time) and pimozide (Orap). Interactions with theophylline, which is used mostly in asthma, were also shown. Erythromycin and doxycycline...
interactions, which include increasing theophylline, and propranolol levels. It has been shown to lower theophylline clearance significantly, doubling the...
on the protocol. The recommended dose may be increased in patients on theophylline since methylxanthines prevent binding of adenosine at receptor sites...
of various constituents: caffeine (2–3.5%), theobromine (1.0–2.5%), theophylline, methylliberine, polyphenols, catechins, and phlobaphens (kola red),...
significantly with drugs that inhibit or induce cytochrome P450 enzymes such as theophylline, erythromycin, clarithromycin, cimetidine, or alcohol. While cetirizine...
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