A somaticantigen is an antigen located in the cell wall of a gram-positive or gram-negative bacterium. Lipopolysaccharide "somaticantigen". TheFreeDictionary...
foreign elements (antigens) and allows the immune system to adapt its response to new threats during the lifetime of an organism. Somatic hypermutation involves...
The side chains of the cell wall carry the bases responsible for the somaticantigen specificity of these organisms. The chemical composition of these side...
A somatic mutation is a change in the DNA sequence of a somatic cell of a multicellular organism with dedicated reproductive cells; that is, any mutation...
specific antigens. Antigen literally means "antibody generator", as it is the presence of an antigen that drives the formation of an antigen-specific...
target antigen that can then travel throughout the body in search of antigen-positive somatic cells. When exposed to infected/dysfunctional somatic cells...
germinal centers of the secondary lymphoid organs: Somatic hypermutation: Mutations in the variable, antigen-binding coding sequences (known as complementarity-determining...
the antigen following somatic hypermutation undergo apoptosis, while B cells expressing antibodies that have increased affinity for the antigen after...
since Tonegawa's discovery, "antigen-specific immunity mediated by somatic gene rearrangements that create clone-defining antigen receptors". In the last decade...
in the outer leaflet of the outer cell membrane. The bases for the somaticantigen specificity of this organism are located on the side chains of its...
An epitope, also known as antigenic determinant, is the part of an antigen that is recognized by the immune system, specifically by antibodies, B cells...
known as somatic hypermutation. The mutations will either increase or decrease the affinity of the surface receptor for a particular antigen, a progression...
molecules based upon the antigen binding specificity and therefore structure of their variable region. The variable region of antigen receptors of T cells...
or plasma cell. In addition, B cells present antigens (they are also classified as professional antigen-presenting cells, APCs) and secrete cytokines...
contact with the antigen and are involved in binding antigen, while the framework regions support the binding of the CDR to the antigen and aid in maintaining...
"Human gene for proliferating cell nuclear antigen has pseudogenes and localizes to chromosome 20". Somatic Cell and Molecular Genetics. 15 (4): 297–307...
conditions. Microglia also constantly monitor neuronal functions through direct somatic contacts and exert neuroprotective effects when needed. The brain and spinal...
during normal cell turnover. Some differentiation occurs in response to antigen exposure. Differentiation dramatically changes a cell's size, shape, membrane...
will upregulate CD40L and promote somatic hypermutation and isotype class switching of the B cell, increasing its antigen binding affinity and changing its...
monovalent affinity, binding only to the same epitope (the part of an antigen that is recognized by the antibody). In contrast, polyclonal antibodies...
by the affinity of antigen-antibody interactions, reproduction is inspired by cell division, and variation is inspired by somatic hypermutation. Clonal...
Global Information